目的:分析不同年龄阶段高度近视患者的性别、年龄、病程、视力、屈光度、眼底等情况并探讨它们与高度近视发生的风险,视力与屈光状态及眼底情况的关系,为防止高度近视的发生、发展提供一定依据。方法:根据年龄将高度近视患者分为4组:组1,年龄≤29岁的患者;组2,年龄为30 ～49岁;组3,年龄为50 ～69岁;组4,年龄为≥70岁。非睫状肌麻痹状态下自动验光仪验光,取等效球镜进行屈光度计算。用直接眼底镜行眼底检查,结果行相关统计学分析。结果:各组男女患者比例有显著性差异,女性显著多于男性(P<0.01),高度近视患者的年龄和病程有相关性,年龄越大的患者其病程越长。随着年龄增加,高度近视患者的视力显著的下降,且眼底出现漆裂纹、黄斑出血、Fuchs斑、脉络膜萎缩灶的比率呈增加趋势。结论:女性可能是高度近视发生的风险因素之一,年龄增加是导致高度近视患者视力下降的一个重要因素,对高度近视患者宜进行早期治疗,以防治近视的发展及黄斑病变的发生。

AIM:To analyse the risk factors of age,sex,course,best corrected visual acuity(BCVA),diopter and fundus features of high myopes with progressive high myopia.·METHODS:A total of 167 patients with high myopes were categorized into four groups:group 1,age of 29 years or younger;group 2,between the age of 30 to 49 years;group 3,between the age of 50 to 69 years and group 4,age of 70 years or older.The refractive errors of all patients were measured without cycloplegia with an autorefractometer.Data of the spherical equivalent(SE) of the refractive errors in diopters (D)and fundus examed by direct ophthalmoscope were used in statistical analyses.·RESULTS:The number of female was statistically larger than that of male(P<0.01),also the disease course was correlated to the age.The visual acuity of high myopes significantly decreased as they grew older including the higher incidence of lacquer cracker,submacular hemorrhage,Fuchs spots,chorioretinal atrophy.·CONCLUSION:Female maybe a risk factor of high myopia,advanced age is an important factor of visual acuity decrease.High myopes ought to be treated early to delay the progress of myopia and development of macular degeneration.

R778.1