糖尿病是一组能引起严重眼部并发症的慢性代谢性疾病。近年来研究发现:糖尿病早期在视网膜微血管病变之前,就出现视路神经元结构与功能的异常改变。因此,导致糖尿病患者视功能障碍的原因,不仅在于视网膜微血管病变,还与视路多部位神经系统的功能障碍有关。我们将从临床观察、视功能检查以及组织形态学研究等方面对糖尿病视路神经元病变的研究进展进行综述。

Diabetes is a chronic metabolic disease which can cause serious ocular complications. Recent findings indicated that in the early stage of diabetes, before the appearance of retinal capillary pathological changes, abnormal changes in neuronal structure and function in visual pathway have occurred. So the diabetic visual malfunction not only result from retinal capillary pathological changes,but also be related with the malfunction of neurons in many parts of visual pathway. This review will give latest findings about pathological changes of neurons in diabetic visual pathway from the aspects of clinic observation, visual function examine and histomorphology researches.