目的：在前人建立的方法上优化SD大鼠视网膜神经细胞体外培养的技术和方法,为后续研究提供实验基础。 方法:使用胰酶消化法分离新生1~3d SD大鼠视网膜神经细胞,以DMEM/F12为培养基体外培养,免疫组织化学染色的方法进行鉴定。 结果:观察光镜下培养的细胞贴壁生长，部分细胞伸出突起，且有些突起相互连接。免疫细胞化学染色显示，培养的细胞大多数抗神经元特异性烯醇化酶（neuron specific enolase,NSE)抗体反应阳性。 结论:视网膜神经细胞体外培养成功为进一步进行视网膜疾病的研究创造了条件。

AIM: To explore an experimental method for primary culture of retinal neurons of neonatal rat. METHODS: Retina of postnatal 1-3 days SD rats was dissected into cell suspension by using trypsin digestion and cultured in vitro with DMEM/F12. Immunocytochemical methods were used to identify the cultured neurons. RESULTS: All cultured cells underwent adherence and some possessed axons，of which some were connected with each other．Most cells were neuron specific enolase(NSE)-positive detected by immunohistochemistry． CONCLUSION: Successful culture of retinal neuron cells in vitro is helpful in the research of retinal diseases.