目的：探讨在远视、眼正位儿童中双眼屈光不正性弱视与远视患病率的关系。 方法：选取56例两眼对称远视儿童，平均年龄5.5岁，分为两组，双眼远视≤+4.0D等效球镜组和双眼远视>+4.0D等效球镜组。评估两组双眼屈光不正性弱视的患病率，并进行比较。 结果：在32例双眼远视≤+4.0D等效球镜组中，4例（13％）患双眼屈光不正性弱视；24例双眼远视>+4.0D等效球镜组中，15例（63％）患双眼屈光不正性弱视。 统计学分析显示 两组双眼屈光不正的儿童中弱视患病率有显著性差异 （P<0.01）。 结论：双眼屈光不正性弱视在双眼远视的儿童中并不罕见，尤其是当远视度数大于+4.0D等效球镜时。基于本次调查，双眼远视>+4.0D的儿童有13%~63％发展成两眼屈光不正性弱视。由此说明远视>+4.0D的儿童患两眼屈光不正性弱视的几率较大。

AIM: To evaluate the relationship of isoametropic amblyopia with the prevalence of hyperopia in young children with hyperopia and orthotropia. METHODS: Fifty-six children with a mean age of 5.5 years and bilateral symmetric hyperopia were selected and assigned to the following two groups, children with bilateral hyperopia ≤+4.0D spherical equivalent (Sph. Eq.) and those with bilateral hyperopia ＞+4.0D Sph. Eq.. Prevalence of isoametropic amblyopia was estimated and compared between the two groups. RESULTS: Among the 32 children with bilateral hyperopia of ≤+4.0D Sph.Eq.,4 children(13%) had isoametropic amblyopia, while among the 24 children with bilateral hyperopia of ＞+4.0D Sph. Eq., 15 children(63%) had isoametropic amblyopia. Statistical analysis revealed a significant difference for prevalence of amblyopia between the two groups of isoametropic children (P＜0.05). CONCLUSION: Isoametropic amblyopia is not rare among children with bilateral hyperopia, especially when hyperopia is more than +4.0D Sph. Eq. On the bases of this investigation, children with bilateral hyperopia ＞+4.0D have a risk of 13%-63% developing isoametropic amblyopia. Thus, indicating that children with hyperopia of ＞+4.0D have an increased risk of isoametropic amblyopia.