目的：探讨中老年屈光异常性视疲劳与干眼症的联系，以及戴镜屈光矫正对干眼症治疗疗效的影响。 方法：按照统一标准，门诊随机调查视疲劳的患者，分析其中屈光不正性视疲劳的患病率。在视疲劳的患者中调查干眼症的发生情况，分析屈光不正性视疲劳与干眼症的联系。再把干眼症合并屈光异常性视疲劳患者随机分为戴镜治疗、药物治疗和对照组，治疗3mo，观察干眼症的治疗效果。 结果：40岁以上视疲劳的患者中因屈光不正而引起的占42.0%。屈光不正性视疲劳与干眼症存在显著联系（P<0.05）。随访3mo，戴镜治疗组干眼症状好转明显高于药物治疗组（P<0.05）。 结论：中老年屈光异常性视疲劳与干眼症存在紧密联系，戴镜矫正治疗屈光异常性视疲劳可以明显改善干眼症状。

AIM：To investigate the relationship between ametropic asthenopia and dry eye syndrome, and the influences of correction with spectacles in middle-aged and aged patients with ametropic asthenopia on xerophthalmia． METHODS：A random survey was conducted according to unified standard in middle-aged and aged patients with asthenopia at out-patient department. The incidence of ametropic asthenopia and that of dry eye syndrome in patients with asthenopia were analysed. The relationship between ametropic asthenopia and dry eye syndrome was investigated. Patients of dry eye syndrome combined with ametropic asthenopia aged 40-65 years old were randomly divided into spectacles treated group, drug treated group and matched control group, and treated for 3 months. The treatment effect of dry eye syndrome were observed． RESULTS：The incidence of asthenopia induced by ametropia was 42.0%. There was a strong relationship between ametropic asthenopia and dry eye syndrome. After 3 months follow-up, the dry eye syndrome of spectacles treated group was obviously better than drug treated group (P<0.05). CONCLUSION：There is a strong relationship between ametropic asthenopia and dry eye syndrome.Spectacles treatment has better effect on improving symptoms and physical signs.