角膜水肿是白内障超声乳化联合人工晶状体（IOL）植入术后常见的并发症，是由于各种原因造成的角膜内皮细胞损伤所引起，导致患者视物模糊、视力下降，长期不退可造成角膜失代偿甚至失明。因此，角膜水肿的预防与合理治疗十分重要。根据具体临床状况，可采用药物、接触镜、手术等方法进行治疗。本文就白内障超声乳化联合人工晶状体植入术后角膜水肿的发病机制、致病因素及其防治的研究进展作一综述。

Corneal edema is a common complication after phacoemulsification and intraocular lens(IOL) implantation, which is caused by the injury of corneal endothelial cells. It may lead to vision decreasing, blurred vision, corneal decompensation or even blindness. Therefore, prevention and proper treatment of corneal edema are totally essential for the patients. According to the specific clinical conditions, treatments can be used including drugs, contact lens and surgery. We review the research advance on the mechanism, etiology, prevention and therapy of phacocmulsification and IOL implantotion in this article.