目的：探讨人眼内外直肌分别或同时离断后是否可引起眼前房炎症反应以及影响程度。 方法：回顾性分析水平斜视需行内外直肌手术的患者52例60眼，分为两组，A组30眼为单眼一条水平直肌切断，B组30眼为单眼内外直肌同时切断。每只术眼均在术前及术后第1d行FM-600型激光蛋白细胞检测仪（LFCM）检查，测定前房炎症反应程度。收集被测眼房水闪辉值,每组手术前后数据进行统计学分析。 结果:术前及术后第1d LFCM检测结果显示A组手术前后前房炎症反应变化无统计学意义(P>0.05),B组手术前后前房炎症反应变化有统计学意义(P<0.05),B组术后第1d的房水闪辉值的均值仍在正常范围内。 结论:一条水平直肌切断后并不引起眼前房炎症反应；两条水平直肌同时离断损伤了相应的睫状前动脉，使之供应区域的虹膜睫状体发生缺血而导致功能异常，引起了眼前房轻度的炎症反应；两条水平直肌同时离断后由于有侧支循环的代偿，并不引起严重的眼前节缺血综合征。

AIM:To discuss the anterior chamber inflammatory response and influence degree after medial rectus muscle and lateral rectus muscle respectively or simultaneously being transected.  METHODS:Retrospective analysis in 52 cases (60 eyes) horizontal strabismus patients who should be operated on medial and lateral rectus muscle surgery. They were divided into two groups, a single horizontal rectus muscle was cut in one eye in group A of 30 eyes; medial and lateral rectus muscle were cut in one eye in group B of 30 eyes. All the eyes were examined preoperatively and 1 day postoperatively with FM - 600 type laser flare cell meter (LFCM). The degree of anterior chamber inflammation was determinated. All aqueous flare data of measured eyes were collected and analysed with SPSS 11.5.  RESULTS:The results of preoperation and postopera-tion showed that no significant difference was observed in group A (P>0.05), but the anterior chamber inflammation changes were different significantly in group B (P<0.05 ). The mean of anterior chamber inflammation was still within the normal range in group B after the first day postoperatively. CONCLUSION:Surgery on one horizontal rectus muscle in one eye can not cause changes of anterior chamber inflammation.The anterior ciliary arteries are injuried after two horizontal rectus muscles are transected simultaneously, which can lead to dysfunction on its supply area: the iris and ciliary body. So a mild inflammation in anterior chamber occurred. The compensation of collateral circulation can prevent occurrence of serious anterior segment ischemia after two horizontal rectus muscles are transected simultaneously.