手法小切口白内障术(manual small incision cataract surgery, MSICS)特别是在发展中国家已广泛应用于临床手术。本文旨在比较传统白内障囊外摘除术(extracapsular cataract extraction, ECCE)、MSICS以及超声乳化白内障吸除术治疗效果以及安全性（术中并发症以及术后并发症）。通过使用PubMed搜索引擎,我们收集了传统ECCE、MSICS以及超声乳化白内障吸除术的相关文献,以评价其安全性和治疗效果。同时,也参考了国内出版的相关文献。结果发现,与超声乳化白内障吸除术相比,传统ECCE以及MSICS也取得了很好的治疗效果,并且具有并发症少等优点。MSICS不需要依赖昂贵的仪器,并且具有手术快速、费用低廉以及技术门槛低等特点,特别适用于硬核白内障的治疗。虽然在白内障手术治疗过程中MSICS需要一定的技术和耐心,但它仍然是一种安全、有效、经济治疗手段,特别是在发展中国家可以替代超声乳化进行白内障的治疗。

Manual small incision cataract surgery (MSICS) has widely been used in clinical operation, especially in developing countries. This article aims to compare the efficacy and safety (intraoperative and postoperative complications) among conventional extracapsular cataract extraction (ECCE), MSICS and phacoemulsification. By using the PubMed search engine, we collected the relevant literatures on MSICS, ECCE and phacoemulsification. Meanwhile, the relevant literatures published in Chinese journals were also referred to. Compared with phacoemulsification, both MSICS and ECCE achieved excellent visual outcomes with low complications. MSICS does not depend on expensive instrument, and is significantly faster, less expensive, and requires less technology; therefore, MSICS is especially suitable to hard nucleus cataract surgery. Though MSICS demands skill and patience during cataract surgery, it is a safe, effective and economical treatment and is used as an alternative to phacoemulsification in developing countries.

山东省自然科学基金资助项目（No. ZR2010HM032)