方法：健康新西兰白兔25只随机分为5组，30 000lux模拟日光照射兔眼15min和30min。照射后不同时间取视网膜进行光镜、透射电镜观察并对视网膜感光细胞凋亡率进行检测。

结果： 15min光照组2d时观察； 光感受器细胞外节盘膜结构紊乱，板层结构离散，内节线粒体肿胀，部分嵴断裂； 外颗粒层细胞胞浆有空泡样改变； 感光细胞凋亡率为3.26%±0.98%。30min光照组2d时观察，外节盘膜结构紊乱，板层结构重度离散，内节线粒体肿胀，嵴断裂； 外颗粒层细胞胞浆有空泡样改变； 感光细胞凋亡率为3.63%±1.25%。30min光照组7d时观察，外节盘膜组织结构紊乱，板层结构消失，空泡化， 内节线粒体肿胀，嵴断裂； 外颗粒层细胞胞浆肿胀，大量空泡样改变，排列紊乱，部分胞膜破坏； 感光细胞凋亡率为19.63%±1.32%。30min光照组14d时观察，外节盘膜组织结构恢复较规则，板层结构较致密， 内节线粒体肿胀，嵴断裂； 外颗粒层细胞胞浆肿胀减轻，排列较整齐； 感光细胞凋亡率为18.98%±1.13%。

结论：30 000lux模拟强日光照射15min可导致兔视网膜急性光损伤，模拟强日光照射可导致视网膜感光细胞发生退行性变性，感光细胞凋亡是损伤发生的重要机制。

METHODS: Totally 25 healthy New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into 5 groups. Rabbit eyes were exposed to 30000 lux simulated solar for 15 minutes and 30 minutes. Then the retinal tissue ultrastructure was observed and photoreceptor cells apoptosis at different time after exposure was detected.

RESULTS: Examination results of 15 minutes light exposure group at 2^nd day: membrane structure of photoreceptor outer segment was disordered; lamellar structure was discrete; mitochondrial of the inner segment were swollen and some ridges were ruptured; cell plasm of external granular layer was vacuolated-like; apoptosis rate of photoreceptor cells was 3.26%±0.98%. Examination results of 30 minutes light exposure group at 2^nd day: membrane structure of outer segment was disordered; lamellar structure was severely dispersed; mitochondrias of the inner segment were swollen and ridges were ruptured; cell plasm of external granular layer was vacuolated-like; apoptosis rate of photoreceptor cells was 3.63%±1.25%. Examination results of 30 minutes light exposure group at 7^th day: organizational structure of outer segment membrane was disordered; lamellar structure was disappeared and vacuolated; mitochondrial of the inner segment were swollen and ridges were ruptured; cell plasm of external granular layer was swollen, vacuolated largely, and disordered; partial membranes were damaged; apoptosis rate of photoreceptor cells was 19.63%±1.32%. Examination results of 30 minutes light exposure group at 14^th d: organizational structure of outer segment membrane was recovered orderly; lamellar structure was more compact; mitochondrial of the inner segment were swollen and ridges were ruptured; swollen cell plasm of external granular layer was mitigatory and arranged more regularly; apoptosis rate of photoreceptor cells was 18.98%±1.13%.

CONCLUSION: Results demonstrate that 30000lux stimulated solar radiation for 15 minutes led to acute photodamage of rabbit retina, showing retinal photoreceptor cells degeneration which is the important mechanism of photoreceptor cells apoptosis.