方法：横断面研究方法。于2012-05在甘肃省舟曲县采用随机整群抽样法，抽取2个小学共2 812例， 进行问卷调查、眼科常规检查及泪液分泌试验、泪膜破裂时间测定和角结膜荧光素染色三项检查确定诊断，并将调查结果运用SPSS 17.0统计软件进行统计分析。

结果：实际受检者为2 548例，应答率为90.61%，干眼症患病率为11.89%(303/2 548)，汉藏比例为1.99：1(1 697：851)，藏族干眼症患病率为12.22%(104/851)，汉族干眼症患病率为11.73%(199/1 697)，藏、汉族患病率无显著差异(χ²=0.132，P>0.05)，其中男女比例为1.08：1(1 324：1 224)，男生患病率为13.22%，女生患病率为10.38%，男生高于女生(χ² =6.202，P<0.05)。

结论：甘肃省甘南藏族自治州舟曲县小学生中藏、汉族患病率无显著差异，男生患病率高于女生，最常见的不良症状为分泌物增多，随年龄增大干眼症的患病率增加，年龄、倒睫、结膜炎、屈光不正是儿童干眼症的危险因素。

METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study. In May 2 012, two schools altogether 2 548 pupils of Zhouqu county were randomly selected as survey venues. Every participant completed symptoms of dry eye questionnaire, eye routine inspection, Schirmer Ⅰ test, tear-film break-up time, and fluorescein staining of the cornea, then confirmed the diagnosis. The SPSS 17.0 software was used to analyze the data.

RESULTS: Totally 2 548 subjects took part in this study, and the inclusion ratio was 90.61%. The prevalence rate of dry eye was 11.89%. Han-Tibetan ratio was 1.99:1(1 697:851). The prevalence of dry eye had no statistically significant difference among the Tibet nationality(12.22%)and Han nationality(11.73%)(χ²=0.132, P>0.05). The male-female ratio was 1.08:1(1 324:1 224); The prevalence of dry eye in the boy(13.22%)was higher than that of the girl(10.38%)(χ²=6.202, P<0.05).

CONCLUSION: The prevalence of dry eye has no statistically significant difference among the Tibet nationality and Han nationality. The prevalence of dry eye in boy is higher than that in the girl. And the prevalence of dry eye increases along with the aging process. The most common adverse symptoms is increased secretion. Relative risk factors of dry eye are age, trichiasis conjunctivitis and refractive error.