目的：了解本地区社区2型糖尿病患者糖尿病视网膜病变(diabetic retinopathy，DR)的相关危险因素，为社区2型糖尿病并发症的预防和治疗提供理论依据。

方法：对本地区常住居民中2型糖尿病的住院患者，进行糖尿病视网膜病变的分期并对相关因素如病程、血压、血糖水平、血脂等进行统计学分析。

结果：糖尿病患者176例中，DR者53例，患病率为30.1%，糖尿病病程、糖化血红蛋白是DR发生的危险因素(均为P<0.05)。年龄、收缩压、舒张压、空腹血糖、餐后2h血糖、胆固醇、甘油三脂、高密度脂蛋白、低密度脂蛋白、谷丙转氨酶、谷草转氨酶、尿肌酐、尿素氮未成为DR发生的危险因素(均为P>0.05)。

结论：糖尿病的病程、糖化血红蛋白是糖尿病视网膜病变发生的主要危险因素。

AIM: To investigate the related risk factors of diabetic retinopathy(DR)in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(DM)in residents of community in our local area and provide a clinical evidence for prevention and treatment for the complication of DM.

METHODS: The residents who lived in our local community with type 2 DM and hospitalized were studied. The stages of DR and duration of DM, blood pressure, level of blood glucose, blood lipids and other factors were analyzed statistically.

RESULTS: Fifty-three patients(30.1%)were found with DR in 176 cases. The risk factors included the diabetic duration and glycosylated hemoglobin(all P<0.05). Age, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, 2-hour postprandial blood glucose, serum cholesterol, triglycerides, high dense lipoprotein, low dense lipoprotein, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, creatinine, blood urea nitrogen were not risk factors of DR(all P>0.05).

CONCLUSION: Diabetic duration and glycosylated hemoglobin are the risk factors of DR.

天津市滨海新区大港区域社会发展科技项目(No.2012-02-07)