方法：回顾性分析我院2009-01/2013-01收治的白内障复明工程患者296 例，其中140例患者采用超声乳化白内障吸出术治疗，156例患者采用小切口白内障囊外摘除术治疗。分析比较两组患者治疗效果的差异以及术后角膜内皮细胞的变化情况。

结果：术后3d超声乳化组患者视力和散光度均优于小切口非超声乳化组(P<0.05)； 两组患者手术前后角膜内皮细胞的损伤程度差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)，而术后1，3mo视力情况和散光度以及术中、术后并发症差异无明显统计学差异(P>0.05)。

结论：小切口非超声乳化囊外摘除术和超声乳化术治疗白内障疗效基本相当，但其有着良好的经济性，适合在基层医院以及白内障复明工程中广泛开展。

METHODS: A retrospective analysis was performed in 296 cases of senile cataract in our hospital from Jan. 2009 to Jan. 2013 in the "Cataract extraction project". One hundred and forty cases underwent phacoemulsification treatment, whereas 156 cases received small incision extracapsular cataract extraction. The therapeutic efficacy and effects on corneal endothelial cells of the two groups were compared.

RESULTS: After 3d operation, the visual acuity and corneal astigmatism in phacoemulsification group were much better than that in small incision cataract surgery group(P<0.05), and the two groups were statistically significant differences before operation(P<0.05). However, after 1 and 3mo, the acuity, astigmatism and preoperative and postoperative complications had no significant differences(P>0.05).

CONCLUSION: Both phacoemulsification and small incision extracapsular cataract extraction are effective methods of treatment of cataract. However, the method of small incision cataract surgery is more economic, and it is valuable in primary hospital and the “Cataract extraction project”.