方法：新西兰白兔30只，随机分为3组，实验组、基质组和对照组，每组10只，术中去除角膜内皮细胞，建立角膜内皮衰竭动物模型，实验组和基质组行后板层角膜移植术，对照组仅去除角膜后板层组织，不进行移植。术后观察3mo，对三组角膜的水肿混浊程度和中央角膜厚度进行统计学分析。

结果：术后7d，实验组角膜水肿程度较基质组和对照组明显减轻，透明度增加。术后3mo时，实验组内皮细胞密度为2 026.4±129.3个/mm²，中央角膜厚度平均为505.2±25.4μm，基质组中央角膜厚度平均为1 535.6±114.5μm，而对照组为1 493.5±70.2μm。

结论：实验以异种脱细胞角膜基质为载体培养人脐静脉内皮细胞，行后板层角膜移植术，治疗角膜内皮衰竭取得了初步成功。移植的人脐静脉内皮细胞能够在活体上成活，并具有一定的角膜内皮细胞的生物学功能，维持角膜透明，为临床上治疗角膜内皮疾病提供了新的思路和方法。

METHODS: Thirty New-Zealand rabbits were divided into three groups randomly, 10 rabbits for experimental group, 10 for stroma group and 10 for control group. Corneal endothelial cells were removed to establish animal model of corneal endothelial failure. PLEK was performed on the rabbits of experimental group and stroma group, and nothing was transplantated onto the rabbits of control group with the deep layer excised only. Postoperative observation was taken for 3mo. The degree of corneal edema and central corneal thickness were recorded for statistical analysis.

RESULTS: Corneas in experimental group were relieved in edema obviously compared with that in stroma group and the control group, and showed increased transparency 7d after the operation. The average density of endothelial cells was 2 026.4±129.3cells/mm², and average central corneal thickness was 505.2±25.4μm in experimental group, while 1 535.6±114.5μm in stroma group and 1 493.5±70.2μm in control group 3mo after operation.

CONCLUSION:We achieved preliminary success in our study that culturing HUVEC on acellular corneal stroma and performing PLEK for corneal endothelial decompensation. HUVEC transplanted could survive in vivo, and have normal biological function of keeping cornea transparent. This study provides a new idea and a new way clinically for the treatment of corneal endothelial diseases.