目的：应用频域光学相干断层扫描成像(optical coherence tomography，OCT)技术研究病理性近视眼视盘神经纤维层厚度的变化特点及其与眼轴、性别和年龄的关系，为病理性近视合并原发性开角型青光眼的早期诊断提供帮助。

方法：选取对照组正常眼96眼(眼轴23～24mm)和观察组病理性近视眼153眼(眼轴25～27mm 80眼，>27mm 73眼)； 应用频域OCT检测视盘神经纤维层的厚度； 比较对照组与观察组视盘神经纤维层厚度的差异； 使用多元线性回归分析观察组视盘全周的平均厚度与眼轴、性别和年龄的关系。

结果：观察组视盘神经纤维层的全周平均、上下及鼻侧象限平均厚度值均变薄，与对照组相比均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)，颞侧象限相比较无统计学意义(P>0.05)； 观察组视盘神经纤维层的全周平均厚度与眼轴的偏相关系数为-1.31，与性别的偏相关系数为5.21，与年龄的偏相关系数为-0.12。

结论：病理性近视眼的视盘神经纤维层厚度较正常眼变薄，眼轴、性别和年龄是病理性近视眼视盘神经纤维层平均厚度的影响因素，对诊断合并病理性近视患者的青光眼视神经损害时应注意排除病理性近视对视盘神经纤维层厚度产生的影响。

AIM: To analyze the application on frequency domain optical coherence tomography(OCT)technology of pathologic myopia optic disc neurosensory retinal thickness changes and its relationship with axis oculi, sex and age, and help for the early diagnosis of pathological myopia and primary open angle glaucoma.

METHODS: Collected 96 eyes of normal eyes(axis oculi 23-24mm)and 153 eyes of pathologic myopia eyes(axis oculi 25-27mm 80 eyes, >27mm 73 eyes). We measured the thickness of nerve fiber layer of the optic disc by OCT and analyzed their relationship with axis oculi, sex and age with multiple linear regression analysis.

RESULTS: The observation group showed significant smaller average thickness of peripapillary, superior, inferior, nasal than the control group(P<0.05); the difference in the temporal quadrant between the groups were no statistically significant differences(P>0.05); The partial correlation coefficient of peripapillary average thickness of nerve fiber layer and axis oculi was -1.31, gender was 5.21, age was -0.12.

CONCLUSION: The thickness of nerve fiber layer of the optic disc in the pathologic myopia eyes are decreased than normal eyes, axis oculi, sex and age are influenced factors. The pathologic myopia patients should use different index combined with optic nerve fiber layer thickness decreased to help for the diagnosis of early primary open angle glaucoma.

广东省江门市科技计划资助项目(No.2012022)