方法：随机选择2013-06/08在我院拟行斜视手术的患儿90例，ASAⅠ～Ⅱ级，年龄3～11岁。随机分为3组，每组30例。A组在手术开始前静脉注射昂丹司琼0.1mg/kg； B组在手术结束后静脉注射昂丹司琼0.1mg/kg； C组为对照组，不用昂丹司琼。在术后24h内观察患者恶心、呕吐的发生例数及严重程度。

结果：三组患者的性别、体重、年龄、麻醉时间、氯胺酮用量各组间比较无统计学意义(P>0.05)。A，B组的PONV发生率明显低于C组(P<0.05)，A组和B组的PONV发生率比较无统计学意义(P>0.05)。

结论：在手术前或手术结束时应用昂丹司琼可有效、安全地预防小儿斜视手术后的PONV，提高眼科手术安全性，且费用低，是一种值得推广应用的止吐方法。

METHODS: Totally 90 children aged 3-11y were randomly selected for pediatric strabismus surgery from June 2013 to August 2013 in our hospital. The ASA grade of all children were Ⅰ-Ⅱ. Children were randomly divided into three groups with 30 cases each. Group A received intravenous drip of ondansetron 0.1mg/kg before surgery. Group B received intravenous drip of ondansetron 0.1mg/kg after surgery. Group C as control group was not given ondansetron. The number and severity of nausea and vomiting were observed within 24h after surgery.

RESULTS: There were no statistical significance in patients' gender, weight, age, duration of anesthesia, ketamine dosage and vital signs intraoperative between the three groups(P>0.05). The incidence rate of postoperative nausea and vomiting(PONV)of group A and B were significantly lower than group C(P<0.05). The incidence rate of PONV of group A and group B have no significant difference(P>0.05).

CONCLUSION: Using ondansetron is effective and safe in preventing PONV before and at the end of the pediatric strabismus surgery, which can also improve safety and be lower cost. It is a worthy promoting antiemetic approach for eye surgery.