方法：应用全自动角膜内皮细胞分析仪对299例360眼进行角膜厚度及内皮细胞形态检测。正常对照组148例175眼，糖尿病患者151例185眼，其中非增殖期组患者92例110眼，增殖期组59例75眼。比较各组患者的中央角膜内皮细胞平均密度、六边形细胞比例、变异系数及角膜厚度，并进行统计学分析。

结果：糖尿病组与正常组角膜相比，角膜内皮细胞变异系数及中央角膜厚度增加，中央角膜平均细胞密度以及六边形细胞比例减小，差异有显著性(P<0.05)。糖尿病增殖期组与非增殖期组比较，中央角膜内皮细胞密度降低，角膜内皮细胞变异系数增加及六边形细胞比例减小，差异有显著性(P<0.05)，中央角膜厚度增加，但无统计学差异(P>0.05)。

结论：糖尿病患者与正常对照者相比，角膜内皮细胞形态结构存在异常，并且随病变程度的加重而加重，尤其以变异系数以及六边形细胞比例变化更为显著，因此糖尿病患者角膜的抗损伤能力下降。

METHODS: The corneal thickness and endothelial cell morphology of 360 eyes of 299 cases were detected using full automatic corneal endothelial cell analyzer. The normal control group included 175 eyes of 148 cases, and there were 185 eyes of 151 cases for the patients with diabetes, 110 eyes of 92 cases for the non-proliferating phase group and 75 eyes of 59 cases for the proliferating phase group. The average density of central corneal endothelial cells, proportion of hexagonal cells, coefficient of variation and corneal thickness were compared among groups, and then the statistical analysis was conducted.

RESULTS: Compared with the cornea of the normal group, in the diabetes group, the coefficient of variation of corneal endothelial cells and central corneal thickness increased, while the average density of central corneal endothelial cells and proportion of hexagonal cells decreased, showing a significant difference(P<0.05). Compared with the cornea of non-proliferating phase group, in the proliferating phase group, the density of central corneal endothelial cells decreased, the coefficient of variation of corneal endothelial cells increased, while the proportion of hexagonal cells decreased with a significant difference(P<0.05), and the central corneal thickness increased, showing no significant difference(P>0.05).

CONCLUSION: Compared with the cornea of normal control group, in the diabetes group, the corneal endothelial cells show abnormal morphology, which aggravates with the severity of lesions, especially for the significant changes in the coefficient of variation and the proportion of hexagonal cells. As a result, the corneal resistance to damage in patients with diabetes will decrease.