[关键词]
[摘要]
目的：分析增龄性高度近视眼患者角膜内皮细胞生物学特性。
方法：将189例197眼年龄≥65岁的患者按屈光度数分为高度近视眼组和正常对照组，其中高度近视眼组98例103眼，正常对照组91例94眼。应用非接触式自动角膜内皮计测量两组患者角膜内皮细胞的六角形细胞比率(6A)、变异系数(CV)、平均面积(AVE)、平均密度(CD)及中央角膜厚度(CCT)，SPSS 14.0统计分析软件对两组所测得数据进行统计学分析，两样本均数的比较采用Z检验，率的比较采用χ2检验。
结果：高度近视眼患者角膜内皮细胞平均密度减小，但密度>3 000个/mm2者14眼，对照组为0眼； 密度<2 000个/mm2者11眼，对照组为3眼，2 000～3 000个/mm2者78眼，对照组为91眼，内皮细胞平均密度分布两组比较有显著性差异(χ2=19.11，P<0.05)。同时高度近视眼患者角膜内皮六角形细胞比率降低、细胞变异系数增大，平均面积增大，两组比较均有显著性差异(P<0.05)，中央角膜厚度两组间比较无显著性差异(P>0.05)。
结论：根据角膜内皮的细胞参数和形态学的变化，可以了解内皮的功能储备，预测愈后，借以决定某种手术的设计和取舍，对临床手术医师是一种很有价值的参考指标。
[Key word]
[Abstract]
AIM: To analyze quantitatively the biological characteristics of corneal endothelium in old patients of high myopia with non-contact automatic corneal endothelial microscope.
METHODS:A total of 189 old patients(197 eyes)were divided into the high myopia group and the normal control group according to refractive diopter, in which the former 98 cases(103 eyes), the latter 91 cases(94 eyes). The hexagonal cell(6A), the coefficient of variation(CV), the average cell area(AVE), the average cell density(CD)and the central corneal thickness(CCT)were measured by non-contact automatic corneal endothelium. SPSS 14.0 software was used to analyze their percentage. Z-test was used to compare the mean and Chi-square test was used to compare the rate in between.
RESULTS: The average cell density in high myopia patients decreased, but there were 14 eyes >3 000/mm2, 11 eyes <2 000/mm2 and 78 eyes in the 2 000～3 000/mm2, there were each 0 eye, 3 eyes and 91 eyes respectively in the normal control group. There was statistically significant difference between high myopia group and control(χ2=19.11, P<0.05). Meanwhile the percentage of the hexagonal cell decreased, the coefficient of variation and the average cell area increased. There was statistically significant difference between high myopia group and control(P<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in the central corneal thickness between the two groups(P>0.05).
CONCLUSION: There will provide a reference valuable for clinical surgeon. Because according to the changes of parameters and morphology of the corneal endothelial cells, we can understand the repair ability, to predict the consequence of the treatment, in order to determine the design and the choice of a surgical.
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