方法：将20只出生14d的健康SD大鼠随机分为实验组和对照组，每组10只，均选取左眼为干预眼，右眼作为对照眼。实验组1%硫酸阿托品眼用凝胶点左眼，每日3次，右眼生理盐水点眼，每日3次。对照组大鼠给予生理盐水点双眼，每日3次。在点眼前及点眼后的7，14，21，28d分别行闪光视觉诱发电位检查及带状检影法测量屈光度。在点药后28d，从实验组和对照组中各随机选取3只大鼠，检测c-fos mRNA的表达； 后在实验组与对照组中再各随机选取3只大鼠，放入暗室2d后给予2h正常饲养环境光线刺激，再次检测c-fos mRNA的表达。

结果：实验组点药后14d产生屈光参差，两眼相差3.9D(P<0.05)，实验组大鼠左眼F-VEP的P1波在点药后21d峰时值延长为88.9±1.889ms，与右眼相比差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。点药后28d，实验组大鼠左侧视皮层中c-fos mRNA表达较右侧视皮层高，但无显著差异； 但在放入暗室2d后再给予2h光线刺激，实验组大鼠左侧视皮层中c-fos mRNA表达为右侧视皮层的5倍，有显著统计学差异(P<0.05)。

结论：在视觉发育关键期内大鼠的单眼慢性阿托品化可形成屈光参差，使视传导发生延迟，阻碍了视皮层的正常发育。大鼠的单眼慢性阿托品化可作为制作屈光参差的研究模型。

METHODS: Twenty normal SD rats were randomly divided into two groups: control group(n=10)and atropinization(experimental)group(n=10). All the left eyes were selected as the experimental eyes, and the right eyes served as the normal eyes. The left eyes in atropinization group was produced by 1% atropine, 3 times a day and the right eyes in control group was treated with normal saline, 3 times a day. The flash visual evoked potentials(F-VEP)and retinoscopy refraction of the rats' both eyes were detected at five time points: 0, 7, 14, 21, and 28d after atropinization, respectively. After 28d, six rats were randomly selected from both groups and each group had three rats. The expression of the c-fos mRNA was observed in both visual cortexes. Another six rats were chosen for the same test after 2d dark environment with 2h light later. The expression of c-fos mRNA was detected again.

RESULTS: After 14d anisometropia was observed in experimental group, the difference was 3.9D(P<0.05), F-VEP P1 wave of the rats left in experimental group was reached to 88.9±1.889ms at 21d, there was statistical difference compared with the right eye(P<0.05). After 28d, c-fos mRNA expression in the left visual cortex of rats in the experimental group was higher than that of the right side, but there was no significant difference. But when underwent 2h light stimulation after in the darkroom 2d, the c-fos mRNA expression in in the left visual cortex of rats in the experimental group was 5 times higher than that of the right side, there was a statistically significant difference(P<0.05).

CONCLUSION: In the critical period of visual development, monocular chronic atropine in rats can form anisometropia, may delay the transmission of the optic nerve, hinder the normal development of the visual cortex. Monocular atropinization in rats can be used as the model of anisometropia.