方法：对四川省乐山市夹江县第一小学600例学生进行视力、屈光及眼位等进行筛查，比较不同性别、年龄阶段的斜视患病率、弱视患病率，并统计不同弱视或斜视种类患儿的弱视程度及有无立体视。

结果：弱视患病率与斜视患病率分别为4.0%，2.5%； 各年龄段、不同性别的学生斜视患病率、弱视患病率对比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)； 屈光不正性是主要的弱视类型，占55.6%，且主要的弱视程度为轻、中度； 屈光不正性弱视、屈光不正性弱视及外斜视大多数有立体视，而大部分的斜视性弱视及全部的内斜视均无立体视。

结论：屈光不正性弱视是小学生主要的弱视类型，其斜弱视的患病率与性别的关系不明显，但斜弱视的治疗效果、立体视的建立等与年龄、眼位存在密切的关系，应早发现、早治疗。

METHODS: A total of 600 cases of primary school students of Leshan City, Jiajiang County were given vision, oblique incidence and ocular and other screening. The prevalence rate of poor eyesight of strabismus, amblyopia prevalence rate of different sexes, ages were compared, and the degree of amblyopia and strabismus of children with different types of amblyopia and whether or not had stereoscopic vision were counted.

RESULTS:The prevalence rate of amblyopia and strabismus prevalence rate were respectively 4.0% and 2.5%; With the growth of all age, low vision of students was significantly decreased, the difference of comparison of low vision rate of each age had statistical significance(P<0.05), but different ages, strabismus prevalence of different sexes, amblyopia prevalence were compared, the difference had no significant differences(P>0.05); Ametropic amblyopia was the main type, accounting for 55.6%, and the degree of amblyopia mainly was light, moderate; ametropic amblyopia, most of ametropic amblyopia and strabismus had stereo vision, but there were no stereopsis of most of the strabismic amblyopia and all esotropia.

CONCLUSION:Ametropic is mainly type of amblyopia, the prevalence of relationship between the incidence of strabismic amblyopia of primary school students and sexes is not obvious, but the oblique amblyopia treatment effect, such as the establishment of stereoscopic vision and the age, eye position has a close relationship, should be early discovered, early treatment.