方法：自2010-01/2013-01在广州麻风村筛查需要行白内障手术的麻风病患者共72例72眼。按随机分组的方法，观察组行超声乳化白内障吸除联合人工晶状体植入术36例36眼，对照组行小切口白内障囊外摘除联合人工晶状体植入术36例36眼。观察指标包括术中、术后并发症、术后最佳矫正视力、术后角膜散光； 随访时间为术后1d，1wk，1mo，1、2a。

结果：术后1mo观察组视力的恢复较对照组快，矫正视力显著优于对照组，差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。在1a内的各随访时间点观察组的角膜散光均较对照组小(P<0.05)； 两组患者术中及术后并发症的发生无统计学差异(P>0.05)。

结论：超声乳化白内障吸除联合人工晶状体植入术治疗麻风患者白内障安全、有效，且术后视力恢复较快、对角膜散光影响小，是值得推荐的手术方式。

METHODS: Total 72 leprosy patients with cataract(72 eyes)from January 2010 to January 2013 were recruited from leprosy disease villages of Guangzhou. All the participants were randomized into two groups. Thirty-six patients(36 eyes)in observation group underwent phacoemulsification combined with IOL implantation, and other 36 patients(36 eyes)in control group underwent small incision cataract extraction and IOL implantation. Efficacy measures included intraoperative and postoperative complications, postoperative best corrected visual acuity(BCVA)and corneal astigmatism. The follow-up times included 1d, 1wk, 1mo, 1 and 2a after surgery.

RESULTS: At postoperative 1mo, visual acuity recovery in observation group was faster than that in control group and the BCVA in observation group was significantly higher than that in control group(all P<0.05). Corneal astigmatism in observation group was smaller than that in control group at different time-points within 1a(P<0.05). There were no significant differences in intraoperative and postoperative complications between both groups(P>0.05).

CONCLUSION: Phacoemulsification combined with IOL implantation is safe and effective in the treatment of leprosy patients with cataract, with faster recovery of visual acuity, smaller effect on corneal astigmatism. Therefore, it is a good surgical approach to deserve recommendation in the clinical work.