方法：采用横断面研究，于2014-09/10对浦东新区3 295名中小学生进行视力普查和问卷调查，所得数据进行单因素分析和有序logistic回归分析。

结果：单因素分析结果显示年级、父母近视与近视程度有关； 总体男女近视程度没有统计学差异，但是各年级段内男女近视程度不同； 每日电脑手机游戏时间、户外活动时间、建立屈光档案、偏食与近视程度无关。有序logistic回归分析结果显示年级、父母近视、建立屈光档案、每日电脑手机游戏时间、发现近视的方式、戴镜频率有统计学差异。

结论：年级、父母近视是近视程度的危险因素，应继续加大健康宣传教育，建立完善屈光发育档案，重点人群定期监测和积极防控。

METHODS:A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 3 295 students in Pudong district from September to October in 2014. These students had been given vision examination and finished a questionnaire survey. Data of the survey was analyzed with rank-sum test and ordinal logistic regression analysis.

RESULTS: Single factor analysis showed that there was statistical relation on degree of myopia with the grade, myopia in parents. Although there was no statistical difference between the genders, degree of myopia was different between boys and girls in different grades. There was no statistical relation on degree of myopia with time used on playing computer and mobile phone, outdoor activity time, establishment of refractive development file or monophagia. Ordinal regression analysis showed that there were statistical differences on grade, myopia in parents, establishment of refractive development file, time used on playing computer and mobile phone, frequence of wearing glasses and how to realize myopia.

CONCLUSION: Grade and myopia in parents were the risk factors for degree of myopia. Ophthalmologists should strengthen the health education on myopia, advise to establish refractive development file as early as possible, monitor regularly for focus groups and control myopia progression actively.