目的：探索电子产品对学龄前及学龄初期儿童近视的影响及发生发展规律，并制定合理的用眼健康指导规范，为开展防治工作打下坚实的基础。

方法：回顾性分析门诊就诊的3～12岁学龄前及学龄初期儿童900例，均建立个性化档案，记录裸眼视力、验光、裂隙灯、眼底镜、斜视检查结果； 记录电视、电脑、手机、iPad、写作业、课外书用眼情况。统计分析各年龄组的屈光状态、不同年龄组电子产品使用时间及其与近视的相关性。

结果：裸眼视力正常者学龄前儿童多于学龄初期儿童，差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)； 视力低常者学龄前儿童各年龄组间比较，差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)； 近视的例数7～12岁(学龄初期)多于3～6岁(学龄前)儿童，差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。电子产品的应用在6岁、10岁儿童中用眼时间叠加最多，logistic回归模型显示玩手机时间、玩电脑时间、玩iPad时间是近视的危险因素。

结论：对学龄前儿童行早期筛查，健康用眼指导、建立个性化就诊档案，进行一对一个性化用眼指导； 避免学习任务繁重造成用眼时间叠加，争取近视延后发生、控制近视度数增长过快。因此，减少电子产品的使用已经成为一项值得深入研究的课题。

AIM: To explore the influence of electronic products on myopia in preschool and school aged children, and the development regularities of myopia, to formulate reasonable guidelines for using eyes healthily, and lay a solid foundation for the prevention and control work.

METHODS: This retrospective analysis enrolled 900 3～12 years old children from outpatients department, and all of them were established individualized archives, recording: uncorrected visual acuity, optometry, slit lamp, ophthalmoscopy, strabismus inspection results; recording eye usage condition on TVs, computers, mobile phones, iPad, homework, extra-curricular books. Statistical analyze the refractive status of each age group, the use of electronic products of different age groups and their correlation with refractive status.

RESULTS: The number of preschool children with normal uncorrected visual acuity was more than that of early school-age children, and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05); the numbers of preschool children with abnormal visual acuity were different at various age groups and the differences were not statistically significant(P>0.05); the number of children aged 7～12(early school aged children)with myopia was more than that of children aged 3～6(preschool children)and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). The stacking usage of electronic products in 6 and 10 years old children was the most. Logistic regression model showed that the time for playing phone, computer and iPad were risk factors for the occurrence of myopia.

CONCLUSION: For preschool children, it is necessary to conduct early screening, health guidance, the establishment of personalized medical records and one-to-one personalized guidance; it is also needed to avoid the arduous learning task with the stacking usage of eyes, to fight for myopia and to control the development of myopia. Therefore, to reduce the use of electronic products has become a topic worthy of further study.