方法：观察组60例1型糖尿病患者，男女比例均等，平均年龄19.42±7.78岁，病程小于5a，矫正视力5.0，平均空腹血糖7.8±3.6mmol/L。进行图形视觉诱发电位和闪光视网膜电图检查。对照组60例正常人，男女比例均等，平均年龄17.2±6.52岁，矫正视力5.0，进行图形视觉诱发电位和闪光视网膜电图检查； 记录两组PVEP参数P100波潜伏期和P100波振幅值，FERG参数a波潜伏值、b波潜伏期、a波振幅值、b波振幅值。

结果：观察组的参数P100波振幅值、P100波潜伏期与对照组比较，有显著统计学意义(P<0.01)，均有振幅值降低，潜伏期延长； 观察组的参数a波潜伏期、a波振幅值、b波潜伏期、b波振幅值与对照组比较差异有显著统计学意义(P<0.01)； 观察组平均空腹血糖控制稳定，PVEP P100的振幅值、FERG a、b波的振幅值与糖尿病程无关，而PVEP P100的潜伏值、FERG a、b波的潜伏值与糖尿病程有关。

结论：图形视觉诱发电位提示糖尿病患者视神经元损伤较为敏感； 闪光视网膜电图是早期发现糖尿病患者视网膜Müller细胞和双极细胞损害的理想手段； 图形视觉诱发电位参数 P100波振幅值、闪光视网膜电图参数b波振幅值可能是糖尿病视网膜临床前期最敏感的诊断指标。

METHODS:Sixty patients, 30 males and 30 females, participated in observation group. Their average age was 19.42±7.78years. The duration of DM was <5a. Best corrected visual acuity was 5.0. Fasting blood glucose was 7.8±3.6mmol/L. There were 60 subjects, 30 males and 30 females, in control group. Their average age was 17.2±6.52years. Best corrected visual acuity was 5.0. Every participator was tested with PVEP and FERG according to ISCVE standard. The amplitude of PVEP and P100 latency were recorded. And the b-wave latency, b-wave amplitude, a-wave latency, a-wave amplitude were showed down.

RESULTS:In observation group, P100 amplitude decreased and P100 latency increased, compared to those of control group(P<0.01); b-wave latency, b-wave amplitude, a-wave latency, a-wave amplitude were different from those in control group(P<0.01); the fasting blood glucose kept stable; P100 amplitude, b-wave amplitude and a-wave amplitude were not related to the DM duration; P100 latency, a-wave latency and b-wave latency were related to the DM duration.

CONCLUSION: PVEP are sensitive to optic neuron damage; FERG is desirable to detect the lesion of Müller cells and bipolar cells. P100 amplitude by PVEP, b-wave amplitude by FERG may be the most sensitive parameter for DR at early stage.