方法：采用回顾性研究。选取2015-01/2017-02我院收治的DR患者160例160眼，根据有无合并白内障分为两组。单纯玻璃体切割组患者74例74眼，联合手术组患者86例86眼，行玻璃体切割联合白内障超声乳化人工晶状体植入术。采用非接触角膜内皮显微镜于术前1d和术后1mo时检查两组患者术眼中央角膜内皮细胞密度，并比较两组患者角膜内皮细胞的平均细胞面积、面积变异系数和六角形细胞比率。

结果：单纯玻璃体切割组患者手术前后角膜内皮细胞密度、角膜内皮细胞的平均细胞面积和面积变异系数、六角形细胞比率的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)； 联合手术组手术后角膜内皮细胞密度和六角形细胞比率较手术前下降，细胞平均面积和变异系数高于术前，差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组患者手术后角膜内皮细胞密度、角膜内皮细胞的平均细胞面积和面积变异系数、六角形细胞比率比较，差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。

结论：玻璃体切割联合白内障超声乳化人工晶状体植入治疗糖尿病视网膜病变合并白内障对角膜内皮细胞有一定影响，针对有适应证的患者，术中应注意保护角膜内皮细胞。

METHODS: A retrospective study was designed. 160 patients(160 eyes)with diabetic retinopathy from Jan 2015 to Feb 2017 were divided into two groups according to cataract. 74 patients(74 eyes)were operated on vitrectomy, and 86 patients(86 eyes)on vitrectomy combined with phacoemulsification cataract surgery and capsular bag implantation of foldable intraocular lens. To record the change of corneal endothelial cells density, average cellular area, coefficient of variation and percentage of hexagonal endothelial cell before and after treatment with Topcon corneal specular microscope.

RESULTS: Before and after surgery, the results of corneal endothelial cells density, average cellular area, coefficient of variation and percentage of hexagonal endothelial cell in simple vitrectomy group were no significant difference(P>0.05); After treatment corneal endothelial cells density and percentage of hexagonal endothelial cell were changed with statistical difference as the same as average cellular area and coefficient of variation(P<0.05); There were significantly differences in corneal endothelial cells between two groups(P<0.05).

CONCLUSION: It has certain influence on the corned endothelial cells when using vitrectomy combined with cataract surgery in diabetic retinopathy. For patients with indications, it should be paid attention to protecting the corneal endothelial cells.