方法：回顾性研究。选取单眼双侧翼状胬肉及单眼鼻侧翼状胬肉各11例11眼患者纳入研究，观察其生长时间、组织面积大小、血管分级、透明度及泪膜破裂时间(BUT)。并对6例正常结膜组织及11例单眼双侧翼状胬肉组织标本采用40g/L多聚甲醛固定处理，予石蜡包埋切片后行HE染色，在光镜下观察其病理组织差异。

结果：单眼双侧翼状胬肉泪液BUT较单眼鼻侧翼状胬肉显著缩短，差异有统计学意义(t=3.410，P=0.003)。单眼双侧翼状胬肉的BUT与其生长时间(r=-0.661，P<0.05)、组织大小(r=-0.775，P<0.01)、透明度(r=-0.671，P<0.05)均呈显著负相关； 单眼鼻侧翼状胬肉的BUT与其组织大小(r=-0.927，P<0.01)、透明度(r=-0.764，P<0.01)均呈显著负相关。单眼双侧翼状胬肉中鼻侧上皮细胞层数较颞侧增多(t=-7.351，P<0.05)、血管数量增加(t=-7.400，P<0.05)、炎症细胞数量增多(t=-7.481，P<0.05)，差异有统计学意义。

结论：单眼双侧翼状胬肉较单眼鼻侧翼状胬肉泪膜稳定性差，且单眼双侧翼状胬肉中鼻侧较颞侧鳞状上皮增生明显，血管化及炎症反应显著，活动性较高。

METHODS: Retrospective study. Totally 11 unilateral nasal pterygium and 11 unilateral double pterygium were collected to observe the size of the tissue area, the classification of blood vessels, the transparency and the break-up time of tear film. The 11 surgically excised double pterygia(11 eyes)and 6 samples of normal conjunctiva were collected for the study. With 40g/L paraformaldehyde fixation, paraffin sections were stained with Haematoxylin-Eosin, to observe the differences with nasal and temporal pathology under light microscope.

RESULTS: In unilateral double pterygium, the tear break-up time was significantly shorter than that of unilateral nasal pterygium(t=3.410, P=0.003). In unilateral nasal pterygium, there was a significant negative correlation between tear film break-up time and tissue size(r=-0.927, P<0.01)and transparency(r=-0.764,P<0.01). In unilateral double pterygium, the tear break-up time was significantly negatively correlated with the growth time(r=-0.661, P<0.05), tissue size(r=-0.775, P<0.01)and transparency(r=-0.671,P<0.05). In unilateral double pterygium, compared with the temporal side, the quantity of the layers of corneal epithelial cells(t=-7.351, P<0.05), vessels(t=-7.400, P<0.05)and inflammatory cells(t=-7.481, P<0.05)increased.

CONCLUSION: Compared with unilateral nasal pterygium, the tear film break-up time of unilateral double pterygium was poor. In unilateral double pterygium, with high activity, the degree of proliferation of squamous epithelium, hyperplasia and inflammatory reaction are significantly higher than those of the temporal side.