目的：比较糖尿病视网膜病变组与对照组数据，以研究高密度脂蛋白-3(HDL₃)、NOx和总抗氧化状态之间的关系。

方法：前瞻性病例对照研究。106例受试者分为3组，84例2型糖尿病有或无视网膜病变患者，对照组为22例正常人。患者均行血清高密度脂蛋白-3的浓度检测和血清NOx水平测定。用铁还原法(FRAP)测量血浆总抗氧化能力。

结果：糖尿病患者(DM)空腹血糖、糖化血红蛋白、甘油三酯显著高于对照组。正常人中HDL₃水平为14.4(12.0)mg/dL，糖尿病视网膜病变患者为18.1(12.6)mg/dL，糖尿病无视网膜病变患者为14.0(12.5)mg/dL，组间差异无统计学意义(P=0.262)。糖尿病患者FRAP水平低于对照组(P=0.003)，但糖尿病视网膜病变组与非糖尿病视网膜病变组之间其差异无统计学意义。

结论：研究发现：2型糖尿病视网膜病变患者、糖尿病无视网膜病变患者以及对照组间HDL和HDL₃水平无明显不同。HDL₃可能无法预测糖尿病视网膜病变患者的患病风险。糖尿病患者中血清NOx水平较高，FRAP水平较低。

METHODS: This was a prospective, case-control study. One hundred and six participants were subdivided into three groups. Eighty-four type 2 diabetes patients with and without retinopathy and 22 healthy controls were included in this study. Serum HDL₃ concentrations were assayed and serum NOx levels were determined in all patients. Total antioxidant capacity was measured using the ferric reducing power of plasma(FRAP)assay.

RESULTS: Among the subjects with diabetes mellitus(DM), fasting glucose, HbA1c and triglycerides were significantly higher than the healthy controls. HDL₃ level was 14.4(12.0)mg/dl in healthy subjects, 18.1(12.6)mg/dl in the diabetic retinopathy group and 14.0(12.5)mg/dl in diabetic patients without retinopathy, and was statistically similar between the groups(P=0.262). HDL level was similar between groups in our population. FRAP level was lower in patients with DM compared to healthy controls(P=0.003), but was not different between the DR and the non-DR groups(P=0.913).

CONCLUSION: In our study, we demonstrated that HDL and HDL₃ subgroup levels didn't significantly differ between DM2 patients with DR and without DR and healthy controls. Determination of HDL₃ cholesterol, in addition to total HDL cholesterol, may not predict the actual risk for diabetic retinopathy. Serum NOx was observed to be higher in diabetic participants and FRAP level was low.