目的：探讨宫内生长发育迟缓(intrauterine growth retardation，IUGR)和早产儿视网膜病变(retinopathy of prematurity，ROP)发病率的关系。

方法：对2011-01/2015-12在苏州市立医院新生儿病房及门诊接收的符合ROP筛查标准的儿童2 527例5 054眼，按照胎龄分为4组(≤32周，> 32周且≤34周，>34周且≤37周，>37周)，每组再根据出生体质量分为IUGR组和非IUGR组，分别比较每个孕周组中IUGR组和非IUGR组ROP发病率的差异。

结果：所有受检2 527例患儿中， IUGR共702例，其中ROP患儿78例，非IUGR共1 825例，其中ROP 329例。≤32周胎龄组991例中，IUGR组共63例，其中ROP 27例(42.9%)，非IUGR组共928例，其中ROP 274例(29.5%)，IUGR的ROP发病率高于非IUGR组，差异有统计学意义(χ²=4.958，P=0.026)。>32周且≤34周胎龄组1 025例中， IUGR共232例，其中ROP 33例(14.2%)； 非IUGR共793例，其中ROP 51例(6.4%)，IUGR的ROP发病率高于非IUGR组，差异有统计学意义(χ²=14.488， P<0.001)。>34周且≤37周胎龄组464例中， IUGR共374例，其中ROP 18例(4.8%)； 非IUGR共90例，其中ROP 4例(4.4%)，IUGR的ROP发病率略高于非IUGR组，但差异无统计学意义(P=1)。>37周胎龄组47例中， IUGR共33例，非IUGR共14例，均无ROP发病患儿。

结论：IUGR和ROP的发病密切相关，胎龄≤34周的早产儿中，IUGR的患儿ROP的发病率明显高于非IUGR的患儿。

METHODS: A retrospective analysis of a case series included in ROP screening from January 2011to December 2015 was performed in Suzhou Municipal Hospital. Totally 2 527 children(5 054 eyes)underwent screening. According to the gestational age, the data was divided into 4 groups(≤32wk, >32 and ≤34wk,>34 and ≤37wk, >37wk). Every group was divided into two groups(IUGR group and no IUGR group)respectively. We compared the incidence of ROP in IUGR and non IUGR group.

RESULTS: Of all the 2 527 children, IUGR group were 702 including 78 ROP children, and non IUGR group were 1825 including 329 ROP children. There were 991 children were divided into ≤32wk group, including 63 IUGR in which 27 children were screened out ROP(42.9%)and 928 non IUGR in which 274 children were screened out ROP(29.5%), the difference on the incidence of ROP was statistically significant(χ²=4.958, P=0.026). There were 1025 children were divided into >32 and ≤34wk group, including 232 IUGR in which 33 children were screened out ROP(14.2%)and 793 non IUGR in which 51 children were screened out ROP(6.4%)and the difference was statistically significant(χ²=14.488, P<0.001). There were 464 children were divided into >34 and ≤37wk group, including 374 IUGR in which 18 children were screened out ROP(4.8%)and 90 non IUGR in which 4 children were screened out ROP(4.4%)and the difference was not statistically significant(Fischer exact test, P=1). There were 47 children were divided into >37wk group, including 33 IUGR and 14 non IUGR, none were screened out in the two groups.

CONCLUSION: Intrauterine growth retardation was closely related to the incidence of ROP. In the preterm infants with gestational age less than 34wk, the incidence of ROP in children with intrauterine growth retardation is significantly higher than that in children without intrauterine growth retardation.