目的：探究黄芪注射液对模拟高海拔缺氧大鼠视网膜自由基代谢及病理学形态改变的影响。

方法：选取60只健康不伴有眼疾的SD大鼠，依照随机分组法分为黄芪注射液组(干预组)与生理盐水组(对照组)，每组各30只。每组大鼠中，随机各选取6只于放入模拟舱前分别腹腔注射黄芪注射液(15mL/kg)与生理盐水(15mL/kg)。注射完30min之后放入5 000m的模拟舱，分别生存2、6、8、12、24h。出舱后立即处死并摘除眼球，用HE染色法观察视网膜形态的改变，比色法测定视网膜SOD和MDA含量。

结果：HE染色示2h时两组视网膜均无形态学改变，随着缺氧时间延长，视网膜各层水肿逐渐加剧，但干预组水肿程度低于对照组。随高海拔缺氧时间的延长，两组SOD活性均下降，组内不同时间点比较，差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)； 两组MDA的含量均逐渐升高，组内不同时间点比较，差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组SOD活性在同时间点进行比较，除2h无统计学意义，其余时间点差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)； 同时间点两组MDA含量进行比较，除2h差异无统计学意义，其余时间点差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。

结论：黄芪注射液可以改善高海拔缺氧环境下大鼠视网膜病变的损伤程度，其机制可能与清除自由基、增强SOD的活性，减少脂质过氧化物MDA的含量、增强抗氧化能力有关。

METHODS:Sixty healthy SD rats without any eye disease were selected, and the random grouping method was divided into two groups: astragalus injection group(intervention group)and physiological saline group(control group), each group of 30 rats. In each group, 6 were randomly selected for injection of astragalus injection(15mL/kg)and physiological saline(15mL/kg)in the pre-simulated chamber. The rats were sacrificed immediately and removed the eyeballs after the rats were taken out of the simulated module. We observed the changes of retinal morphology with the HE staining method, and determine the retinal SOD and MDA content with colorimetry.

RESULTS:HE staining showed no morphological changes in the two groups of retinas at 2h, and as the time of hypoxia was prolonged, the retinal edema gradually increased, but the intervention group was less edema than the control group. The activity of SOD in both groups decreased with the increase of anoxia time of high altitude, and the comparison of different time points in the group was statistically significant(P<0.05). The content of MDA in both groups increased gradually, and the comparison between different time points in the group was statistically significant(P<0.05). The SOD in the two groups of retinas was significantly different at same time point(P<0.05), except for at 2h without statistical significance. The MDA showed the same situation as SOD.

CONCLUSION: Astragalus injection can reduce the damage degree of retinopathy in rats under the high altitude hypoxia environment, that the mechanism may be related to free radicals, enhance the activity of SOD, reduce the MDA content of lipid peroxides, and enhance antioxidant capacity.