[关键词]
[摘要]
年龄相关性黄斑变性(age-related macular degeneration，ARMD)是中老年人群的主要致盲眼病。ARMD的发病机制和防治已成为全世界关注的热点。β淀粉样蛋白(Amyloid β，Aβ)被公认在阿尔茨海默症的发病中有重要作用，近年来发现Aβ同样表达在人视网膜色素上皮细胞(retinal pigment epithelium，RPE)和视神经节细胞(retinal ganglion cells，RGC)上。生理情况下，Aβ的生成和降解处于动态平衡，某些刺激使平衡破坏引起Aβ在眼内聚集，Aβ的聚集不仅是构成ARMD玻璃膜疣的主要成分，还可直接损伤RPE和RGC，激活体内补体途径，诱导眼内免疫炎症反应产生，在整个ARMD的发展中发挥着作用。因此，将现阶段Aβ对ARMD的致病作用进行总结对疾病的防治有很大帮助。
[Key word]
[Abstract]
Age-related macular degeneration(AMD)is one of the major irreversible blinding disease affecting in nearly 50 million individuals globally. The pathogenesis and prevention of AMD has become research focus for several years. Amyloid β(Aβ), formed by hydrolysis of the precursor protein, is synthesized and secreted in retinal ganglion cells(RGCs)and retinal pigment epithelium(RPE)monolayer. Normally, the formation and degradation of Aβ maintain a dynamic equilibrium. When the balance was damaged, Aβ can deposit in retina which not only constitute the main components of drusen but activate complement system and induce inflammation in local tissue. Here, we review the most recent findings supporting the hypothesis that Aβ could be a key factor in AMD which may offer a better understanding of disease mechanism and develop new strategies affecting the pathogenesis.
[中图分类号]
[基金项目]
国家自然科学基金资助项目(No.81503618)
