目的：探讨2型糖尿病视网膜动脉硬化情况及其与心脑血管系统疾病的关系。

方法：选取2016-01/2017-01我院收治的2型糖尿病患者85例为研究对象，对患者进行眼底检查，确定其眼底动脉硬化分级情况，并对患者血糖水平进行检测，测定其糖化血红蛋白、空腹血糖和餐后2h血糖水平。患者均随访至少1.5a，统计随访期间患者心脑血管系统疾病的发生率。比较不同眼底动脉硬化分级患者的血糖水平和心脑血管系统疾病发生率，并分析眼底动脉硬化分级与血糖水平和心脑血管系统疾病的关系。

结果：患者85例中，眼底动脉硬化分级为Ⅰ级、Ⅱ级和Ⅲ级患者比例分别为15%(13/85)、52%(44/85)和33%(28/85)，随访期间心脑血管系统疾病发生率为27%(23/85)。随着眼底动脉硬化分级的升高，其糖化血红蛋白、空腹血糖、餐后2h血糖水平和心脑血管系统疾病发生率亦升高，差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。Spearman相关分析结果显示，2型糖尿病患者眼底动脉硬化分级与其糖化血红蛋白、空腹血糖、餐后2h血糖水平和心脑血管系统疾病发生率均呈正相关(r_s=0.875、0.792、0.835、0.878，P<0.05)。

结论：2型糖尿病眼底动脉硬化严重，且与其血糖水平和心脑血管系统疾病密切相关。

METHODS:Totally 85 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in our hospital from January 2016 to January 2017 were selected as the research subjects. Fundus examination was carried out to determine the classification of ophthalmic arteriosclerosis. The blood glucose level of the patients was detected and the glycosylated hemoglobin,fasting blood glucose and postprandial blood glucose levels were measured. All patients were followed up for at least 1 and a half years, and the cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases rate was statistically analyzed during the follow up period. The blood glucose level and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases rate in patients with different ocular fundus arteriosclerosis grades were compared, meanwhile the relationship between ocular fundus arteriosclerosis grades with the blood glucose levels and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases rate were analyzed.

RESULTS: Among the 85 patients, 15%(13/85), 52%(44/85)and 33%(28/85)of the patients were classified asocular fundus arteriosclerosis grades Ⅰ, Ⅱ and Ⅲ respectively. The cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases rate during the follow up period was 27%(23/85). The glycosylated hemoglobin,fasting blood glucose, postprandial blood glucose and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases rates were all increased with the elevation of ophthalmic arteriosclerosis(P<0.05). Spearman correlation analysis showed that the classification of ophthalmic arteriosclerosis in type 2 diabetes mellitus was positively correlated with glycosylated hemoglobin,fasting blood glucose, postprandial blood glucose level and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases rate(r_s=0.875, 0.792, 0.835, 0.878; P<0.05).

CONCLUSION:Type 2 diabetes mellitus patients has severe fundus arteriosclerosis, which is closely related to blood glucose level and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.