目的：观察丹红注射液对于糖尿病大鼠视网膜是否具有保护作用，并探讨其机制。

方法：从2015/06～2016/12共60只雄性 SD 大鼠随机分成4组：正常组、糖尿病组、丹红干预组以及空白干预组，后三组大鼠采用链脲佐菌素(STZ)50 mg/kg的剂量腹腔注射建立糖尿病视网膜病变大鼠模型。在大鼠建模成功后当日，丹红干预组每日腹腔注射5 ml/kg丹红注射液，空白干预组每日腹腔注射与丹红干预组等体积的蒸馏水。然后从视网膜血管病变和神经损伤两个层面进行疗效观察，血管病变层面行HE染色观察视网膜形态，免疫组化检测视网膜血管内皮生长因子的表达； 神经损伤层面行Tunel染色观察凋亡细胞，透射电镜观察视网膜神经节细胞形态。

结果：血管层面：正常组视网膜各组织结构显现清晰的层次，糖尿病组和空白干预组较正常组结构紊乱，丹红干预组较糖尿病组和空白干预组有所改善。与糖尿病组和空白干预组相比，丹红干预组VEGF表达降低； 神经损伤层面：糖尿病组和空白干预组神经节细胞出现大量凋亡，丹红干预组凋亡细胞较之减少。

结论：丹红注射液对糖尿病大鼠视网膜有保护作用。通过下调VEGF，改善视网膜缺血缺氧状态，减少视网膜新生血管的形成。同时能在一定程度上减少视网膜神经细胞的凋亡。

METHODS: From June 2015 to December 2016, sixty male SD rats were randomly divided into four groups: normal group, diabetic group, Danhong intervention group and blank intervention group. The rats in the latter three groups were injected with 50 mg/kg of streptozotocin(STZ)into the abdominal cavity to establish diabetic retinopathy rat model. On the day after successful modeling, Danhong treatment group was injected with 5 ml/kg Danhong injection intraperitoneally every day, while the blank intervention group was treated with intraperitoneal injection of distilled water with the same volume as Danhong treatment group. Therapeutic effects were observed from two levels: retinal vascular disease and nerve injury. Retinal morphology was observed by hematoxylin-eosin(HE)staining at the level of vascular disease. The expression of retinal vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)was detected by immunohistochemistry. Neurological injury level: tunel staining was used to observe apoptotic cells, and transmission electron microscopy was used to observe the morphology of retinal ganglion cells.

RESULTS:Vascular level: in the normal group, the structure of retinal tissues showed clear layers. The structure of the diabetic group and blank intervention group was more disordered than that of the normal group, and the Danhong treatment group was better than that of the diabetic group and blank intervention group. Compared with the diabetic group and blank intervention group, the expression of VEGF in Danhong intervention group decreased. Neurological injury level: there was a larger degree of apoptosis of ganglion cells in the diabetic group and the blank intervention group, while the number of apoptotic cells in the Danhong intervention group was lower than the diabetic group and blank intervention group.

CONCLUSION:Danhong injection has protective effect on the retina of diabetic rats. It can improve the condition of retinal ischemia and hypoxia by down-regulating VEGF, reduce the formation of retinal neovascularization. At the same time, it can reduce the apoptosis of retinal nerve cells to acertain extent.