目的：探讨在同一屈光度数范围内高度近视性弱视眼与高度近视眼在EDI-OCT下视网膜、脉络膜、视盘神经纤维层的形态特征。

方法：本试验招募6～16岁的中国儿童19例26眼进行研究。将研究对象分为高度近视性弱视组(11眼)和高度近视组(15眼)。采用频域OCT深层影像扫描模式，检查黄斑中心凹及黄斑中心凹旁不同区域的视网膜、脉络膜和视盘神经纤维层厚度。

结果：中心凹外1.0、1.5、2.0、2.5、3.0mm区域的视网膜厚度在绝大多数方位上，两组比较有差异(P<0.05)。下方3.0mm处，高度近视性弱视组脉络膜厚度显著薄于高度近视组(P=0.012)。两组各方位视盘神经纤维层厚度比较均无差异(P>0.05)。

结论：在同一屈光度数范围内，中心凹周围的视网膜厚度，高度近视性弱视眼明显薄于高度近视眼，弱视的发生发展可能参与其变化过程。

METHODS:Nineteen Chinese children, 26 eyes were recruited. Those patients were divided into high myopia amblyopia group(11 eyes)and high myopia group(15 eyes). The thickness in the retina and choroid in different regions, as well as the thickness of optic disc nerve fiber layer were measured by EDI-OCT.

RESULTS: The retinal thickness at the 1.0mm, 1.5mm, 2.0mm, 2.5mm, 3.0mm to the fovea, in most directions, retinal thicknesses were statistically different between the two groups(P<0.05). At the 3.0mm inferior to the fovea, the choroidal thickness in high myopia amblyopia was significantly thinner than high myopia(P=0.012). In the optic disc nerve fiber layer, there was no statistical difference between high myopia amblyopia and high myopia(P>0.05).

CONCLUSION: In the same diopter range, the retinal thickness around the fovea in the high myopia amblyopia was significantly thinner than high myopia, and the occurrence and development of amblyopia may be involved in its change process.