目的：探讨外周血血清补体C3、C4水平与视神经炎的相关性。

方法：病例对照研究设计。收集2018-01/08在复旦大学附属眼耳鼻喉科医院确诊为视神经炎的患者137例作为研究组，同时收集体检中心健康者147例作为对照组。采用罗氏全自动生化分析仪测定两组血清补体C3、C4水平。对两组外周血血清补体C3、C4水平进行单因素、多因素Logistic回归分析，并采用受试者工作特性(ROC)曲线探讨外周血补体C3、C4水平对视神经炎的诊断价值。

结果：研究组血清补体C3水平(96.17±17.93mg/dL)、C4水平(22.41±7.53mg/dL)均显著低于对照组水平(108.85±15.94、24.55±6.37mg/dL)(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析发现：补体C3水平下降(OR=1.048，P<0.001，95%CI：1.031～1.065)，补体C4水平下降(OR=1.045，P=0.014，95%CI：1.009～1.083)为视神经炎发病的危险因素。

结论：视神经炎患者外周血血清补体C3和C4水平相比对照组均显著降低，外周血补体C3和C4水平下降可能为视神经炎发病的独立危险因素。

METHODS: Case-control study design. Optic neuritis subjects(n=137)and control subjects(n=147)who attended the Eye-ENT Hospital of Fudan University from January to August 2018 were recruited. The levels of serum complement C3 and C4 was detected by Roche automatic biochemical analyzer. Univariate analysis and multivariate Logistic regression analysis were performed to compare the level of serum complement C3 and C4 between optic neuritis group and control group. ROC analysis was performed to analysis the diagnosis value of C3 and C4 to distinguish optic neuritis patients.

RESULTS: The levels of serum complement C3 and C4 was significant lower(P<0.05)in optic neuritis group(96.17±17.93mg/dL),(22.41±7.53mg/dL)compared with control group(108.85±15.94mg/dL),(24.55±6.37 mg/dL). Multivariate logistic regression analysis shown that decreased level of complement C3(OR=1.048, P<0.001, 95%CI:1.031-1.065)and C4(OR=1.045, P=0.014, 95%CI: 1.009-1.083)was a risk factor for optic neuritis.

CONCLUSION: The levels of serum complement C3 and C4 was decreased which suggested that the decreased level of complement C3 and C4 was risk factor for optic neuritis.