目的：观察双七他克林对青光眼模型大鼠的视神经保护作用。

方法：选取雄性成年SD大鼠24只，随机分成对照组、手术组、双七他克林组和美金刚胺组，通过右眼巩膜上静脉注射高渗盐水(对照组大鼠右眼仅进行上巩膜静脉穿刺)制作青光眼模型后，对照组和手术组大鼠给予正常饮水，双七他克林组和美金刚胺组大鼠饮用水中每天分别添加0.5mg/kg双七他克林和5mg/kg美金刚胺，持续5wk。定期测量眼压，造模后5wk处死大鼠，取右侧视网膜进行免疫荧光染色，检测视网膜神经节细胞数目和视网膜神经纤维层厚度。

结果：造模后模型大鼠右眼眼压均显著升高，至造模后1mo，均高于28mmHg。手术组大鼠右眼视网膜神经节细胞数较对照组明显减少(79.83±9.58个 vs 119.50±8.26个，P<0.01)，神经纤维层厚度明显变薄(6.64±0.50μm vs 13.40±0.60μm，P<0.01)，而双七他克林(109.00±7.04个)和美金刚胺(107.33±8.57个)能够抑制青光眼所致的视网膜神经节细胞减少，且双七他克林能够抑制青光眼所致的视网膜神经纤维层萎缩(12.26±0.78μm)。

结论：双七他克林能够抑制青光眼所致视网膜神经节细胞数目减少及神经纤维层萎缩。

METHODS: Totally 24 rats were randomly divided into control group, operated group, 0.5mg/kg bis(7)-tacrine group and 5mg/kg memantine group. Unilateral elevation of intraocular pressure(IOP)was produced by hypertonic saline injection into an episcleral vein. Animals were orally dosed daily with bis(7)-tacrine or memantine. IOP was measured in both eyes of animals per 3d, and the number of retinal ganglion cells and the thickness of nerve fiber layer axon bundle were measured at 5wk.

RESULTS: Elevated IOP were induced in 3 glaucoma groups. Compared with control group, the retinal ganglion cells decreased from 119.50±8.26 to 79.83±9.58 and the thickness of axon bundle come down from 13.40±0.60 μm to 6.64±0.50 μm in operated group. However the number of the retinal ganglion cells was 109.00±7.04 in bis(7)-tacrine group and 107.33±8.57 in memantine group individually. The thickness of axon bundle was 12.26±0.78μm in bis(7)-tacrine group and 10.13±1.19μm in memantine group individually.

CONCLUSION: Both bis(7)-tacrine and memantine inhibited retinal ganglion cells loss, but only bis(7)-tacrine decreased the thickness declining of axon bundle.