目的：探讨维生素D受体基因多态性与2型糖尿病(T2DM)患者视网膜病变的相关性。

方法：筛选2018-02/2019-01我院收治的T2DM患者198例作为研究对象，分为糖尿病性视网膜病变(DR)组(n=108)和非DR组(n=90)。应用聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性对rs1544410、rs2228570位点多态性进行检测。非条件Logistic回归分析rs1544410、rs2228570基因多态性与2型糖尿病患者视网膜病变的关系。

结果：DR组VDR基因rs1544410位点T等位基因频率、rs2228570位点A等位基因频率均显著高于非DR组(P<0.05)； CC基因型130例，CT基因型52例，TT基因型16例，CC基因型与CT+TT基因型相关指标比较有差异(P<0.05)； GG基因型121例，GA基因型59例，AA基因型18例，GG基因型与GA+AA基因型相关指标比较有差异(P<0.05)； BsmI基因CT+TT基因型、FokI基因GA+AA基因型是DR的危险因素(P<0.05)。

结论：VDR基因BsmI、FokI多态性与2型糖尿病视网膜病变显著相关，可能是2型糖尿病视网膜病变的易感基因位点。

METHODS: Totally 198 T2DM patients admitted to our hospital from February 2018 to January 2019 were selected as the study objects and divided into DR group(n=108)and non DR group(n=90). The polymorphisms of rs1544410 and rs2228570 were detected by PCR restriction fragment length polymorphism. The relationship between rs1544410, rs2228570 gene polymorphism and retinopathy in type 2 diabetic patients was analyzed by unconditional Logistic regression.

RESULTS: The frequencies of T allele at rs1544410 and A allele at rs2228570 in DR group were significantly higher than those in non DR group(P<0.05). There were 130 cases of CC genotype, 52 cases of CT genotype, 16 cases of TT genotype, and there were statistical differences between CC genotype and CT+TT genotype(P<0.05); 121 cases of GG genotype, 59 cases of GA genotype,18 cases of AA genotype, and there were statistical differences between GG genotype and GA+AA genotype(P<0.05); CT+TT genotype of BSMI gene and GA+AA genotype of FokI gene were risk factors of DR(P<0.05).

CONCLUSION: The polymorphism of VDR gene BSMI and FokI is significantly related to type 2 diabetic retinopathy, which may be the susceptible gene locus of type 2 diabetic retinopathy.