目的：探讨苏木精-伊红染色法(HE)和吉姆萨(Giemsa)染色法在儿童细菌性和过敏性结膜炎中的诊断效果。

方法：选取2016-10/2019-10期间于我院眼科经结膜刮片检查诊断为结膜炎儿童患者422例作为研究对象，分别采用HE与Giemsa染色法进行结膜刮片染色，并根据染色结果诊断细菌性/过敏性结膜炎。观察两种染色结果对细菌性/过敏性结膜炎的阳性检出率及染色情况。

结果：HE染色诊断细菌性结膜炎阳性率(33.0%)和符合率(63.6%)显著低于Giemsa染色(90.7%和88.8%，均P<0.001)，而过敏性结膜炎阳性率无明显差异(90.8% vs 87.2%，P>0.05)。

结论：Giemsa染色法检查可准确诊断儿童细菌性结膜炎且方法简便，HE与Giemsa染色法均对过敏性结膜炎具有较好的诊断效果，可为提高临床诊断效率及早期治疗方案提供依据。

METHODS:Totally 422 children with conjunctivitis diagnosed by conjunctivitis from the ophthalmology department of our hospital during 2016-10/2019-10 as the research objects. HE and Giemsa staining methods were used to stain the conjunctival scratches, and the staining results were used to diagnose bacterial/allergic conjunctivitis. Observe the positive detection rate of the two staining results for bacterial/allergic conjunctivitis and the staining situation.

RESULTS: The positive rate(33.0%)and coincidence rate(63.6%)of HE staining for the diagnosis of bacterial conjunctivitis were significantly lower than Giemsa staining(90.7% and 88.8%, P<0.001), while the positive rate of allergic conjunctivitis was not significantly different 90.8% vs 87.2%, P>0.05).

CONCLUSION: The Giemsa staining method can accurately diagnose bacterial conjunctivitis in children and the method is simple. Both HE and Giemsa staining methods have good diagnostic effects on allergic conjunctivitis, which can provide a basis for improving the clinical diagnosis efficiency and early treatment options.