泪液由泪腺及副泪腺分泌，主要通过眼睑和瞬目运动构成泪膜的水样层。泪液的蛋白质组学等研究是当前面临的难点也是热点，其主要目的是研究眼部疾病甚至部分全身疾病的代表其特异性和高敏感性的易检测出的生物标志物，以提高临床疾病的诊断和监测，还可通过识别疾病的靶点促进个性化治疗以及改善预后，并可以设计有针对性的后续实验了解疾病分子机制。在眼部疾病和部分全身疾病中或比血液、尿液、脑脊液等现有常规体液检查更有应用前景的标本检测。目前大量研究表明很多疾病在泪液中有成分的变化，本文就应用蛋白质组学的方法探讨眼部疾病在泪液中的蛋白质成分变化进行综述。

Tears are secreted by lacrimal and accessory lacrimal glands, mainly through eyelid and blink movement to form the watery layer of tear film. Tear proteomics is a difficult and hot topic whose main purpose is to detect high sensitive and specific biomarkers representing eye diseases or even systemic diseases so as to facilitate diseases diagnosis and assessment, as well as to achieve personalized treatment, improve prognosis, and design targeted follow-up experiments to understand the molecular mechanisms of the disease. It may have wider application prospects in eye diseases and some systemic diseases compared to existing routine fluid examinations such as blood, urine, and cerebrospinal fluid tests. Numerous studies have shown that many diseases have changes in the composition of tears. In this paper, we will review the progress of proteomics used to investigate the changes of the protein components of tears in different eye diseases.