后巩膜加固术(posterior sclera reinforcement，PSR)又称后巩膜加强术或后巩膜兜带术，是用手术将生物或非生物材料固定到后极部巩膜，利用材料的牵拉力和免疫炎症刺激等作用使眼球后极部的巩膜得到加强，同时脉络膜和视网膜的血液循环状况得到改善，进而延缓眼轴的持续性延伸和改善视功能。PSR主要的适应证是病理性近视(pathologic myopia，PM)及其相关并发症。另外，PSR，尤其是配合颞浅动脉结扎术，对于改善视网膜色素变性(retinitis pigmentosa，RP)患者眼球后极部的血液循环也有一定的帮助。经过半个多世纪的发展，目前PSR可被认为是治疗PM和RP为数不多且行之有效的方法之一。但因组织创伤及手术效果变异性较大(或稳定性欠佳)，PSR在手术操作和所用材料上仍有改进的余地。

Posterior sclera reinforcement(PSR), also known as posterior sclera strengthening or posterior sclera bandage, is a kind of operation to fix biological or non-biological materials to the posterior sclera, with the aim to strengthen sclera and improve the blood circulation of the choroid and retina by using the traction of materials or the immune inflammatory stimulation, thereby delaying the continuous extension of the axis and improving visual function. The main indications of PSR include pathologic myopia(PM)and its related complications. In addition, PSR can also help to improve blood circulation at the posterior pole of the eye in patients with retinitis pigmentosa(RP), especially in conjunction with superficial temporal artery ligation. After more than half a century's development, PSR has been currently considered as one of the few and effective methods to treat PM and RP, but as a more traumatic operation, the stability of its clinical effect varies greatly, so there is still room for improvement in surgical procedures and materials used.

陕西省自然科学基金资助(No.2019SF-047)