[关键词]
[摘要]
氯喹类药物在治疗风湿病、皮肤病和自身免疫疾病中，发挥着越来越重要的作用，然而长时间使用会导致不可逆的黄斑疾病和视网膜病变，甚至永久性失明，并且它们的毒副作用与使用剂量、治疗时间长、是否有角化病和肾或肝功能不全等有关。因此对于两种药物引起视网膜病变的监测也比较复杂，需要眼底自身荧光(FAF)配合光谱域光学相干层析成像(SD-OCT)的宽视野进行，对于视网膜病变复杂的患者还需使用多焦视网膜电图(mfERG)等进行确诊。具体的监测方法需要临床眼科医师根据患者用药情况和初步监测结果进行确定。
[Key word]
[Abstract]
Hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine play more and more important roles in the treatment of rheumatism, skin diseases and autoimmune diseases. Irreversible macular diseases,retinopathy and even permanent blindness are common side effects of them. High dose per kilogram of body weight, duration of treatment, presence or absence of keratosis and renal or liver dysfunction are all related to this. Therefore, the examination of the two kinds of drug lesions is also relatively complicated. FAF and SD-OCT are required for wide field examination. For patients with complicated retinopathy, multifocal electroretinogram and the like are also required for diagnosis. The specific examination methods need to be determined by clinical ophthalmologists according to the patient's medication and preliminary examination.
[中图分类号]
[基金项目]
国家自然科学基金资助项目(No.81660158); 江西省青年科学基金资助项目(No.20161ACB21017); 江西省重点研发项目(No.20181BBG70004); 江西省杰出青年人才计划资助项目(No.20192BCBL23020)
