方法：收集2016-05/2018-02南昌大学第三附属医院高度近视患者126例207眼，按照Curtin的后巩膜形态分类方法分为三组：A组为Ⅰ和Ⅱ型后巩膜形态眼，B组为Ⅲ型后巩膜形态眼，C组为Ⅶ、Ⅸ、Ⅹ型后巩膜形态眼。将眼底后极部区域分为1、2、3区域。测量中心凹至通过视盘中心垂直线的水平距离(HDFCO)、中心凹至通过视盘中心水平线的垂直距离(VDFCO)和视力。研究在高度近视不同后巩膜形态中心凹位置的分布。

结果：在后极部1区，3眼(1.5%)均来自A组。在后极部2区，117眼(56.5%)来自A组，15眼(7.2%)来自B组，13眼(6.3%)来自C组。三组HDFCO分别为5 037±507、4 771±509、5 585±773μm(F=8.38，P<0.01)。三组VDFCO分别为615±297、643±322、504±363(F=0.87，P=0.41)。在后极部3区，43眼(20.7%)来自A组，7眼(3.4%)来自B组，9眼(4.4%)来自C组。三组HDFCO分别为5 048±683、4 444±540、5 293±840(F=3.13，P=0.05)。三组VDFCO分别为1 385±484、1 225±201、1 664±318μm(F=2.18， P=0.12)。中心凹位于2区和3区的高度近视眼平均最佳矫正视力(LogMAR)分别为4.87±0.22 和 4.77±0.27(t=-1.55，P=0.12)。

结论：高度近视眼黄斑中心凹位置在不同后巩膜形态中发生轻微变化，对最佳矫正视力无影响。

METHODS: From May 2016 and February 2018, a total of 207 eyes(126 cases)with HM were selected and divided into three groups according to Curtin's posterior scleral staphyloma classifications: group A(Types Ⅰ and Ⅱ), group B(Type Ⅲ), and group C(Types Ⅶ, Ⅸ, and Ⅹ). The posterior zone of the fundus was divided into three zones: zones 1, 2 and 3. The horizontal distance between the central fovea and the vertical line pass of the optic nerve head(ONH)center(HDFCO), the vertical distance between the fovea and the horizontal line pass of the ONH center(VDFCO), and vision were tested. The fovea position in different posterior scleral morphologies groups were investigated.

RESULTS: In zone 1, 3 eyes were all from group A(1.5%). In zone 2, 117 eyes were from group A(56.5%), 15 eyes were from group B(7.2%), and 13 eyes were from group C(6.3%). The HDFCO was 5 037±507 μm, 4 771±509 μm, and 5 585±773 μm in groups A, B, and C, respectively(F=8.38, P<0.01). The VDFCO values were 615±297 μm, 643±322 μm, and 504±363 μm(F=0.87, P=0.41). In zone 3, 43 eyes were from group A(20.7%), 7 eyes were from group B(3.4%), and 9 eyes were from group C(4.4%). The HDFCO was 5 048±683 μm, 4 444±540 μm, and 5 293±840 μm in groups A, B, and C, respectively(F=3.13, P=0.05). The VDFCO values were 1 385±484 μm, 1 225±201 μm, and 1 664±318 μm(F=2.18, P=0.12). The mean best corrected visual acuity of HM group was LogMAR 4.87±0.22 and 4.77±0.27 in zone 2 and zone 3, respectively(t=-1.55, P=0.12).

CONCLUSION: The position of the central fovea changes slightly with different posterior scleral morphologies in HM and has no effects on best corrected visual acuity.