目的：探讨影响特发性黄斑前膜患者内界膜剥除术后视功能恢复的危险因素。

方法：回顾我院2016-01/2020-04收治的特发性黄斑前膜行视网膜内界膜剥除术的患者118例118眼。术后随访6mo评价手术疗效，观察术前、术后1、3、6mo的视力变化、视物变形程度、黄斑中心凹平均厚度、黄斑区容积。分析术前及术后黄斑中心凹平均厚度、黄斑区容积与术后视力及视物变形评分的相关性，评估术后视功能恢复不良的危险因素。

结果：本组患者96眼视功能恢复良好，手术治疗改善率为81.4%。与术前相比，术后1、3、6mo术眼视力明显提升(P<0.05)，水平方向视物变形评分明显缩小(P<0.05)，术眼黄斑中心凹平均厚度、黄斑区容积明显减小(P<0.05)。术前与术后6mo黄斑中心凹平均厚度、黄斑区容积与术后6mo视力均呈负相关(P<0.05)，与术后6mo水平方向视物变形评分均呈正相关(P<0.05)。IMEM病程、术前矫正视力、术前水平或垂直方向视物变形、术前黄斑水肿是患者术后视功能恢复情况的影响因素(均P<0.05)，其中术前矫正视力差(OR=3.062)、术前存在水平方向视物变形(OR=2.438)、术前存在黄斑水肿(OR=2.000)是导致患者术后视功能恢复不良的危险因素。

结论：内界膜剥除术治疗特发性黄斑前膜效果良好，可有效改善术眼视力，减轻视物变形。病程越长、术前矫正视力越差、术前视物变形越严重、术前有黄斑水肿的患者内界膜剥除术后视功能恢复越差。

METHODS: This study retrospectively reviewed 118 patients(118 eyes)with IMEM who underwent ILMP in the hospital between January 2016 and April 2020. The patients were followed up for 6mo after surgery to evaluate curative effect. Changes in visual acuity before surgery and at 1, 3 and 6mo after surgery, metamorphopsia degree, mean central foveal thickness and volume of macular area were observed. The correlation of mean central foveal thickness and volume of macular area before and after surgery with postoperative visual acuity and metamorphopsia scores was analyzed. The risk factors for poor visual function recovery after surgery were evaluated.

RESULTS: In this study, 96 eyes obtained good visual function recovery, and the improvement rate was 81.4%. At 1, 3 and 6mo after surgery, visual acuity was significantly improved(P<0.05), metamorphopsia score in horizontal direction, mean central foveal thickness and volume of macular area were significantly reduced(P<0.05). The mean central foveal thickness and volume of macular area before surgery and at 6mo after surgery were negatively correlated with visual acuity at 6mo after surgery(P<0.05), but positively correlated with metamorphopsia score in horizontal direction(P<0.05). The course of IMEM, preoperative corrected visual acuity, preoperative horizontal or vertical metamorphopsia, and preoperative macular edema were influencing factors of visual function recovery after surgery(all P<0.05). Poor preoperative corrected visual acuity(OR=3.062), horizontal metamorphopsia(OR=2.438)and preoperative macular edema(OR=2.000)were risk factors for poor visual function recovery.

CONCLUSION: The curative of ILMP is effect on IMEM, which can effectively improve visual acuity of operative eyes and reduce metamorphopsia. The longer the course of disease, the worse the preoperative corrected visual acuity, and the more severe the preoperative metamorphopsia, the worse the visual function recovery in patients with preoperative macular edema after ILMP.