方法：前瞻性对照研究。116例116眼低度近视儿童根据受试者和监护人意愿分为两组。阿托品(试验)组：58例58眼近视儿童配戴全矫单焦框架眼镜，同时睡前双眼各点1滴质量分数0.005%的阿托品滴眼液。框架镜(对照)组：58例58眼近视儿童仅配戴全矫单焦框架眼镜。用药前及用药后每4mo复查一次，共随访12mo，观察两组近视等效球镜度、眼轴长度、瞳孔直径和调节幅度的变化情况及试验组的不适症状。

结果：随访1a后，两组的近视等效球镜度和眼轴长度治疗前后均有差异(P<0.05)； 两组间近视等效球镜屈光度增加量无差异(P>0.05)； 两组间眼轴长度增加量有微小差异，但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)； 两组的瞳孔直径增加量有差异(P<0.05)； 两组的调节幅度下降量有差异(P<0.01)。试验组不适症状：用药初期6眼(10.3%)出现畏光，其中4眼用药2wk后畏光消失，余2眼4wk后消失。无视近模糊、过敏等其它不适症状。

结论：低度近视儿童规律应用质量分数0.005%阿托品滴眼液1a，与单纯配戴框架镜相比，可以一定程度上延缓儿童近视进展速度，但临床效果不明显。

METHODS: Prospective one-year controlled study. One hundred and sixteen children with low myopia were divided into two groups(0.005% atropine group and control group)according to the requirements of children and their guardians. The children(n=58)in the 0.005% atropine group wore single-vision(SV)spectacles, with one drop of 0.005% atropine eye drop applied to both eyes once nightly. The children(n=58)in the control group only wore SV spectacles. Repeated measurements of spherical equivalent refractive errors(SERs), axial length(AL), pupil diameter and accommodative amplitude were performed at baseline, and 4, 8 and 12mo after treatment. The discomfort symptoms were also observed.

RESULTS: There were no significant increase shown in change in SERs and AL from baseline to 12mo in the 0.005% atropine group and control group(P<0.05). There were differences in the change in SERs and AL between two groups, but either the change in SERs or change in AL failed to reach statistical significance(P>0.05). Statistically significant differences were all found in pupil diameter increase and accommodative amplitude decrease between two groups( P<0.01). Six eyes(10.3%)were mild photophobic in the early stage in the 0.005% atropine group. Photophobia disappeared in 4 and 2 eyes after using 0.005% eye drops 2 and 4wk, respectively. No children showed any other discomfort symptoms such as blurred vision or allergy in the two groups.

CONCLUSION: Compared to wear SV spectacles alone, regular application of 0.005% atropine could somewhat control the progression of myopia in children with low myopia. However, its clinical effect was not obvious.