方法：收集我院2019-01/2020-02诊治的糖尿病视网膜病变硅油填充眼合并白内障患者83例83眼的临床资料进行回顾性分析。根据手术方式不同分为试验组(硅油取出同期行后囊膜切开联合白内障手术)41眼，对照组(硅油取出联合白内障手术)42眼。术后6mo对两组的最佳矫正视力、后发性白内障的发生、眼前黑影飘动等项目进行评估，以证实后囊膜切开在糖尿病视网膜病变硅油取出联合白内障手术中的优势。

结果：术后6mo，最佳矫正视力试验组优于对照组(P<0.05)； 后发性白内障的发生、眼前黑影飘动试验组低于对照组(P<0.05)； 两组眼压、术后视网膜脱离、玻璃体积血、人工晶状体偏位比较均无差异(P>0.05)。

结论：后囊膜切开在糖尿病视网膜病变硅油取出联合白内障手术中的应用安全可靠，可有效地避免后发性白内障的发生。

METHODS: A retrospective analysis that collected clinical data of 83 cases(83 eyes)diagnosed as diabetic retinopathy and silicone oil filled eyes with cataract and treated in our hospitalfrom January 2019 to February 2020. They were randomly divided into two groups. The experimental group consisted 41 eyes received silicone oil removal and posterior capsulotomy combined with cataract surgery; The rest 42 eyes were in control group, who received silicone oil removal combined with cataract surgery. At 6mo after surgery, the best corrected visual acuity, posterior capsular opacification, and floaters were evaluated between the two groups to confirm the advantages of posterior capsulotomy in combined cataract surgery with silicone oil removal for diabetic retinopathy.

RESULTS: At 6mo after surgery, the best corrected visual acuity in experimental group was better than control group(P<0.05); There were significant differences between the two groups in the posterior capsular opacification, and floaters,experimental group is lower than control group(P<0.05). There was no significant difference in intraocular pressure compared to preoperative between the two groups, and no significant difference in retinal detachment, vitreous hemorrhage and intraocular lens deviationafter operation(P>0.05).

CONCLUSION: Posterior capsulotomy is safe and reliable in the application of silicone oil removal combined with cataract surgery for diabetic retinopathy, and can effectively avoid the occurrence of posterior capsular opacification.