目的：应用OCT及OCTA观察孔源性视网膜脱离(RRD)行巩膜扣带术(SB)术后的黄斑形态结构、黄斑及视盘血管密度及视网膜神经纤维层厚度变化。

方法：横断面病例对照研究。将2014-07/2021-03在赣州市人民医院眼科诊断为RRD的患者25例25眼纳入本研究。对比术后末次随访患眼和健眼黄斑浅层血管(SVC)的血管密度(VD)、黄斑深层血管(DVC)的VD、视盘SVC-VD、视网膜神经纤维层(RNFL)、黄斑中心凹厚度(CMT)、中心凹下脉络膜厚度(SFCT)、黄斑外层结构之间的差异，并分析影响末次随访患眼BCVA(LogMAR)的相关性指标。

结果：术后末次随访患眼与健眼黄斑SVC-VD、黄斑DVC-VD、视盘SVC-VD、RNFL、CMT、SFCT无差异(均P>0.05)； 末次随访患眼与健眼OCT下黄斑外层结构对比显示外界膜(ELM)、肌样体区(MZ)、椭圆体带区(EZ)、光感受器外节(OS)的光带完整性无差异(均P>0.05)，嵌合体区(IZ)光带完整性则有差异(P=0.014)； 末次随访患眼与健眼BCVA有差异(P=0.002)。术后末次随访患眼BCVA与有无波及黄斑、视盘SVC-VD、黄斑外层结构ELM、MZ、EZ、OS、IZ光带完整性有显著相关性，其中与有无波及黄斑呈现正相关(r_s=0.401，P=0.047)； 与视盘SVC-VD、黄斑外层结构ELM、MZ、EZ、OS、IZ光带完整性呈负相关(均P<0.05)。

结论：OCT及OCTA用于观察RRD行SB术后眼底改变可获得与视力预后相关的长期随访信息，其术后视力预后取决于视网膜外层结构的恢复情况而定，IZ结构的完整性对于视力恢复更为重要； 视盘SVC-VD与视力预后有相关性，视盘SVC-VD的改变与术后眼压是否相关还需要术后连续数据进一步观察验证。

AIM: To observe the changes of the morphology and structure of macula, blood flow density of macula and optic disc, as well as retinal nerve fiber layer thickness by optical coherence tomography(OCT)and optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA)in patients with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment(RRD)under went sclera buckling(SB).

METHODS: As a cross-sectional case-controlled study, 25 patients(25 eyes)were diagnosed with RRD in the department of ophthalmology, Ganzhou People's Hospital from July 2014 to March 2021. The differences in the vascular density(VD)of superficial vessel cluster(SVC), the VD of deep vessel cluster(DVC)of macula, the SVC-VD of optic disc, retinal nerve fiber layer(RNFL), central macular thickness(CMT), subfoveal choroidal thickness(SFCT)and outer structure of macula between the affected eyes and healthy eyes at the last post-operative follow-up were compared, and the correlation indicators affecting best corrected visual acuity(BCVA, LogMAR)of the affected eyes at the last follow-up were analyzed.

RESULTS: There were no statistically significant in SVC-VD and DVC-VD of macula, SVC-VD of optic disc, RNFL, CMT, SFCT between the affected eyes and healthy eyes at the last post-operative follow-up(all P>0.05); At the last follow-up visit, the comparison of macular outer structure on OCT between the affected eyes and the healthy eyes showed that the light band integrity of the external limiting membrane(ELM), myoid zone(MZ), ellipsoid zone(EZ)and outer segment of photoreceptor(OS)had no statistically significant difference(all P>0.05), while the light band integrity of interdigitation zone(IZ)had significant difference(P=0.014); The difference of BCVA(LogMAR)between the affected eyes and the healthy eyes at the last follow-up was statistically significant(P=0.002). There was significant correlation between BCVA(LogMAR)of affected eyes at the last post-operative follow-up and the presence or absence of macular involvement, the correlated with SVC-VD of optic disc, the integrity of the light bands of ELM, MZ, EZ, OS and IZ on the outer structure of macula, it was positively correlated with the presence or absence of macular involvement(r_s=0.401, P=0.047)and it was negatively correlated with SVC-VD of optic disc, the integrity of the light bands of ELM, MZ, EZ, OS and IZ on the outer structure of macula(all P<0.05).

CONCLUSION: The OCT and OCTA can be used to observe fundus changes after SB surgery for RRD to obtain long-term follow-up information related to vision prognosis, and visual prognosis depends on the recovery of retinal outer structure, and the integrity of IZ structure is more important for visual recovery; The SVC-VD of optic disc is correlated with visual prognosis, and whether it was correlated with intraocular pressure require further observation and verification with postoperative continuous data.

江西省卫生健康委科技计划(No.202212506)