目的：探讨0～2岁中重度视力障碍婴幼儿的病因分类以及临床特点，初步制定一套适宜基层保健机构开展的婴幼儿视力障碍筛查和管理流程。

方法：回顾性分析2009-01/2020-12南京市妇幼保健院儿童眼保健专家门诊收治的0～2岁中重度视力障碍婴幼儿245例的资料并建立完整的视觉发育档案，包括年龄、性别、病史，视力、眼位及眼球运动、眼前节裂隙灯检查、眼底检查、1%阿托品眼用凝胶睫状肌麻痹下屈光检查，必要时接受眼底照相、眼部A/B超、视觉电生理等眼部特殊检查。

结果：本研究纳入245例患儿，平均就诊年龄为1.82±0.79岁。屈光不正128例(52.2%)，其中高度屈光不正100例(40.8%)； 眼病79例(32.2%)，以先天性白内障(33例)最多见； 大脑性视力障碍(CVI)38例(15.5%)。

结论：应根据婴幼儿视力障碍的病因和临床特点进行分类管理，早期发现婴幼儿视力障碍并联合多学科诊治。包括制定可治疗性眼病的筛查方案、必要的屈光矫正和训练患儿使用残余视功能。

METHODS: There were 245 cases of children aged 0-2 years with moderate-severe visual impairment who were admitted to the Children Eye Care Specialist Clinic in Nanjing Maternal and Child Health Hospital from January 2009 to December 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. A complete profile of visual development was established, including age, sex, medical history, vision, eye position and movement, anterior segment examination, fundus examination, refractive examination under cycloplegia with 1% atropine ophthalmic gel, if necessary, some special eye examinations such as fundus photography, eye A/B ultrasound and visual electrophysiology were received.

RESULTS: The average visit age of 245 cases of infants was 1.82±0.79 years, including refraction error of 128 cases(52.2%), among them, 100 cases(40.8%)were high refraction error; 79 cases(32.2%)were eye diseases, most of which were congenital cataract(33 cases); and 38 cases(15.5%)were cerebral visual impairment(CVI)(15.5%).

CONCLUSION: It is necessary to proceed classified managements according to the etiology and clinical characteristics of infant visual impairment to find early and diagnose and treat multidisciplinary,including drawing up screening plans for remediable eye diseases, carrying out necessary refractive correction and training children to use residual visual function.