目的：观察经上皮准分子激光角膜切削术(T-PRK)与飞秒激光小切口角膜基质透镜取出术(SMILE)矫正低度近视的角膜像差变化及视觉质量特点。

方法：前瞻性队列研究。选取2021-04/2022-04于潍坊眼科医院行T-PRK手术32例32眼及SMILE手术45例45眼的低度近视患者，比较两组术后裸眼视力(UCVA)、最佳矫正视力(BCVA)、等效球镜(SE)、角膜高阶像差(HOAs)及客观视觉质量。

结果：所有患者均顺利完成手术，未见感染等并发症。术后3mo，T-PRK组与SMILE组的安全指数分别为1.13±0.16和1.16±0.17(P=0.48)，有效指数分别为1.10±0.20和1.15±0.18(P=0.27)。T-PRK组和SMILE组UCVA(LogMAR)≤0的占比分别为94%和98%。两组残余SE在±0.50D内的占比分别为88%和87%。两组患者HOAs和球差均显著升高(P≤0.01)，且两组间增加量无差异(P=0.31、0.89)。两组患者水平彗差、水平三叶草、垂直三叶草均无显著性变化(P>0.05)。SMILE组垂直彗差显著升高(P<0.001)，而T-PRK组无显著性变化(P>0.05)，且SMILE组的增加量明显大于T-PRK组(P<0.001)。两组间OSI、MTF_{cut off}、SR、VA100%、VA20%、VA9%比较均未见差异(P>0.05)。

结论：T-PRK与SMILE矫正低度近视均有良好的安全性、有效性和视觉质量，SMILE手术与T-PRK手术相比诱导更多的垂直彗差。

METHODS: Prospective cohort study. A total of 32 cases(32 eyes)with low myopia who underwent T-PRK surgery and 45 cases(45 eyes)of SMILE surgery at Weifang Eye Hospital from April 2021 to April 2022 were selected. The uncorrected visual acuity(UCVA), best corrected visual acuity(BCVA), spherical equivalent(SE), corneal higher-order aberrations(HOAs)and objective visual quality were compared between the two groups.

RESULTS:All patients completed the surgery successfully without complications such as infection. At 3mo postoperatively, the safety index was 1.13±0.16 and 1.16±0.17(P=0.48)and the efficacy index was 1.10±0.20 and 1.15±0.18(P=0.27)in the T-PRK and SMILE groups, respectively. The percentage of UCVA(LogMAR)≤0 in the T-PRK and SMILE groups was 94% and 98%, respectively. The percentage of the residual SE within ±0.5D was 88% and 87% in the two groups, respectively. The HOAs and spherical aberration in both groups were significantly increased(P≤0.01), and the increase was not statistically significant between the two groups(P=0.31, 0.89). There was no significant change in horizontal coma, horizontal trefoil and vertical trefoil in both groups(P>0.05). The vertical coma in SMILE group was significantly increased(P<0.001), while there was no significant change in T-PRK group(P>0.05), and the increase was significantly greater in SMILE group than in T-PRK group(P<0.001). There was no significant difference in objective scattering index(OSI), modulation transfer function cut off frequency(MTF_{cut off}), Strehl ratio(SR), visual acuity(VA)100%, VA20% and VA9% between the two groups(P>0.05).

CONCLUSION:Both T-PRK and SMILE showed good safety, efficacy, and visual quality in correcting low myopia, while SMILE induced more vertical coma than T-PRK.