目的：探讨视网膜中央动脉阻塞(CRAO)伴急性黄斑旁中心中层视网膜病变(PAMM)患眼的黄斑区微血管变化情况。

方法：回顾性研究。选取2020-01/2021-12于我院确诊为CRAO-PAMM组患者27例27眼，不伴PAMM的CRAO组患者29例29眼。选取于我院健康体检者33例33眼作为对照组。应用光学相干断层扫描血管成像(OCTA)测量黄斑区3mm×3mm范围内视网膜血流和厚度参数，分析CRAO-PAMM组患者黄斑区视网膜血流密度、视网膜厚度、中心凹无血管区(FAZ)面积和周长、非圆度指数(AI)及拱环周围300μm范围内全层血流密度(FD-300)与病灶区面积、最佳矫正视力(BCVA)的相关性。

结果：三组受检者视网膜浅层毛细血管层(SCP)、深层毛细血管层(DCP)的总体、旁中心凹血流密度、视网膜中心凹厚度、FAZ面积、周长、AI、FD-300均有差异(均P<0.05)。在CRAO-PAMM组中，病灶区面积与DCP总体血流密度、旁中心凹血流密度呈负相关(r=-0.569，P=0.002； r=-0.543，P=0.004)，与视网膜旁中心凹厚度呈正相关(r=0.606，P=0.001)； BCVA(LogMAR)与DCP中心凹和旁中心凹血流密度呈负相关(r=-0.433，P=0.024； r=-0.515，P=0.006)，与FAZ面积、周长和病灶区面积呈正相关(r=0.484，P=0.011； r=0.531，P=0.004； r=0.417，P=0.030)。

结论：伴发PAMM的CRAO患眼黄斑区血流密度更低、黄斑区水肿程度更重且视力更差，患者 BCVA可能受到病灶区面积和FAZ面积共同的影响。

METHODS: Retrospective study. A total of 27 cases(27 eyes)who diagnosed with CRAO-PAMM and 29 patients(29 eyes)diagnosed as CRAO but with no PAMM were hospitalized in our hospital from January 2020 to December 2021. There were 33 normal people(33 eyes)who underwent physical examination in our hospital selected as control group. Optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA)was used to measure retinal blood flow and thickness parameters in the 3 mm×3 mm area of the macula. The correlation among macular retinal blood flow density, retinal thickness, foveal avascular zone(FAZ)area, FAZ perimeter, acircularity index(AI), flow density in a 300-μm-wide region around the FAZ(FD-300)and lesion area, best corrected visual acuity(BCVA)in the CRAO-PAMM group was analyzed.

RESULTS: Among the three groups, there were significant differences in the overall and parafoveal blood flow density of superficial capillary layer(SCP)and deep capillary layer(DCP), foveal thickness, FAZ area, FAZ perimeter, AI and FD-300(all P<0.05). In the CRAO-PAMM group, the lesion area was negatively correlated with DCP overall and parafoveal blood flow density(r=-0.569, P=0.002; r=-0.543, P=0.004), and positively correlated with the parafoveal thickness(r=0.606, P=0.001); BCVA(LogMAR)was negatively correlated with DCP foveal and parafoveal blood flow density(r=-0.433, P=0.024; r=-0.515, P=0.006), and positively correlated with FAZ area, perimeter and lesion area(r=0.484, P=0.011; r=0.531, P=0.004; r=0.417, P=0.030).

CONCLUSION:Patients with CRAO and PAMM have lower macular blood flow density, heavier macular edema and poorer visual acuity, and BCVA may be influenced by both lesion area and FAZ area.