目的：分析外伤性蜡样芽孢杆菌性眼内炎的临床特征及抗生素敏感性，探讨早期诊治措施。方法：收集2019-01/2021-12陕西省眼科医院眼外伤中心收治的蜡样芽孢杆菌性眼内炎患者15例15眼的临床资料。记录受伤时间、受伤情况、术前视力、末次随访矫正视力、手术方式、细菌培养及药敏试验检测结果。结果：纳入患者15例15眼中，5眼单纯角膜穿通伤行伤口清创缝合联合眼内抗生素注射； 10眼眼球穿通伤合并外伤性白内障及眼内异物行清创、白内障切除、眼内异物取出、玻璃体切除联合硅油填充及眼内抗生素注射。末次随访时，11眼(73%)治疗有效，眼球保留； 4眼(27%)治疗无效，行眼内容物剜除。眼球保留的11眼中，视力下降1眼(9%)，视力不变1眼(9%)，视力提高1级4眼(36%)，视力提高2级5眼(45%)，治疗后视力较治疗前明显改善。相关性分析显示，病程与最终矫正视力呈负相关(rs=-0.762，P=0.001)。纳入患者玻璃体液及房水样本培养均为蜡样芽孢杆菌生长，药敏试验检测均对万古霉素敏感。结论：万古霉素是治疗蜡样芽胞杆菌性眼内炎的有效药物，尽早进行玻璃体切除联合硅油填充、万古霉素玻璃体内注射是治疗蜡样芽孢杆菌眼内炎的有效方法。

AIM: To analyze the clinical characteristics and antibiotic sensitivity of traumatic endophthalmitis caused by Bacillus cereus and discuss the early diagnosis and treatment measures.METHODS: The data of 15 patients(15 eyes)with Bacillus cereus endophthalmitis admitted to the Eye Trauma Center of Shaanxi Provincial Eye Hospital from January 2019 to December 2021 were collected. The injury time, injury condition, preoperative visual acuity, corrected visual acuity in the last follow-up, operation method, bacterial culture and drug sensitivity test results were recorded.RESULTS: Among the 15 patients(15 eyes), 5 eyes with simple corneal perforating wound were treated with wound debridement and suture combined with intraocular antibiotic injection. And another 10 eyes with penetrating injuries combined with traumatic cataract and intraocular foreign bodies were treated with debridement, cataract extraction, removal of intraocular foreign bodies, vitrectomy combined with silicone oil tamponade and intraocular antibiotic injection. Among the 15 patients, 11 patients(73%)were treated effectively and the eyeball was preserved, and 4 patients(27%)were treated ineffectively and ocular evisceration was performed. Among the 11 patients with eyeball retention, 1(9%)had decreased vision, 1(9%)had unchanged vision, 4(36%)had improved vision by 1 level, and 5(45%)had improved vision by 2 levels, and the postoperative visual acuity was significantly improved. Correlation analysis showed that the course of disease was negatively correlated with corrected visual acuity(rs=-0.762, P=0.001). The cultures of vitreous humor and aqueous humor samples of patients were all grown in Bacillus cereus, and susceptibility tests were sensitive to vancomycin.CONCLUSIONS: Vancomycin is an effective drug for the treatment of Bacillus cereus endophthalmitis. Vitrectomy combined with silicone oil tamponade and intravitreal injection of vancomycin are effective method for the treatment of Bacillus cereus endophthalmitis.