目的：比较阿柏西普和雷珠单抗治疗糖尿病性黄斑水肿(DME)的疗效。

方法：前瞻性随机对照试验。纳入2020-06/2021-09于我院确诊的非增殖期糖尿病视网膜病变合并DME的患者35例60眼，均采用3+PRN方案行玻璃体腔注射治疗，其中17例30眼接受阿柏西普治疗(阿柏西普组)，18例30眼接受雷珠单抗治疗(雷珠单抗组)。随访12mo，观察两组患者中心凹厚度(CMT)和最佳矫正视力(BCVA)情况，记录玻璃体腔注射次数和并发症发生情况。

结果：治疗后1、3、6、12mo，阿柏西普组CMT和BCVA均明显优于雷珠单抗组(均P<0.001)。随访期间，阿柏西普组玻璃体腔注射次数少于雷珠单抗组(4.23±0.86次 vs 6.40±0.97次，P<0.05)，两组患者均未出现药物相关不良反应、眼内感染、血管栓塞等严重并发症。

结论：阿柏西普和雷珠单抗治疗DME均具有明确的疗效和安全性，相较于雷珠单抗，阿柏西普可能是DME患者更有效和方便的治疗选择。

METHODS: Prospective randomized controlled trial. A total of 35 patients(60 eyes)with non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy complicated with DME confirmed in our hospital from June 2020 to September 2021 were included. Intravitreal injection was performed using the 3+PRN protocol in all cases, of which 17 cases(30 eyes)received aflibercept treatment(aflibercept group)and 18 cases(30 eyes)received ranibizumab(ranibizumab group). The two groups were followed up for 12mo, observing the central macular thickness(CMT)and the best corrected visual acuity(BCVA)of the two groups, and recording the number of intravitreal injections and the occurrence of complications.

RESULTS: After treatment, CMT and BCVA in the aflibercept group were significantly better than that in the ranibizumab group at 1, 3, 6 and 12 mo(all P<0.001). During the follow-up period, the number of intravitreal injections in the aflibercept group was lower than that in the ranibizumab group(4.23±0.86 vs. 6.40±0.97, P<0.05), there were no serious complications such as drug-related adverse reactions, intraocular infection, and vascular embolism in either group.

CONCLUSION: Both aflibercept and ranibizumab have clear efficacy and safety in the treatment of DME, and aflibercept may be a more effective and convenient treatment option than ranibizumab for DME patients.