目的：通过建立BALB/c与C57BL/6小鼠视网膜光损伤模型，研究17β-雌二醇(17β-estradiol， E2)的视网膜神经保护作用，为成功构建E2抗视网膜光损伤模型提供实验数据。

方法：成年雌性BALB/c、C57BL/6小鼠各40～45只，实验分组如下：正常对照组，去势手术对照组，去势光照组(小鼠去势手术14d后进行持续10 000lx白光光照刺激4、8、12、16、24h组)，玻璃体腔注射假手术组，生理盐水组和E2预处理组(去势手术14d后暗适应24h后分别行玻璃体腔注射2μL生理盐水或10^-5mol/L E2)，每组各6只。通过石蜡切片HE染色、TUNEL染色、视网膜电图检测视网膜形态及功能变化。

结果：去势光损组视网膜内核层/外核层厚度从白光10 000lx光照4h组开始显著减小； 玻璃体腔注射E2预处理可显著抑制两种品系小鼠视网膜各层细胞的凋亡(P<0.01)以及C57BL/6小鼠视网膜电图检测中最大混合反应a波和b波波幅的下降(P<0.05)。

结论：相同光照条件对两种品系小鼠光损敏感性存在差异； E2对BALB/c小鼠无论是视网膜形态学及功能学上都产生了保护作用，而对C57BL/6小鼠功能学保护作用显著。

METHODS:Totally 40～45 adult female BALB/c or C57BL/6 mice were divided into six groups, 6 for each group: normal control, ovariectomized control, ovariectomized light(mice were stimulated with continuous white light at 10000 lx for 4, 8, 12, 16, and 24h after 14d of ovariectomy), intravitreal administration sham operation, saline and E2 pre-treatment groups(2μL saline or 10^-5mol/L E2 were intravitreal injected respectively after 14d of ovariectomy operation and 24h of dark adaptation). The morphological and functional changes of the retina were detected by paraffin section HE staining, TUNEL staining and electroretinogram.

RESULTS:In the ovariectomized light group, the thickness of the inner/outer nuclear layer decreased significantly from the 4h stimulation of 10000 lx white light group. Intravitreal administration of E2 significantly inhibited the apoptosis of retinal cells in the two strains of mice(P<0.01)and the decrease of amplitudes of a- and b-waves in max-ERG of C57BL/6 mice(P<0.05).

CONCLUSION:The light loss sensitivity of two strains of mice was different under the same light stimulation. E2 had a protective effect on both morphology and function of the retina in BALB/c mice, and had a significant protective effect on retina function in C57BL/6 mice.